Details (Origin, Action, and insertion) of Facial Muscles Flashcards
Origin
The unmoving end of the muscle that is attached to another structure
Insertion
The muscle attachment that is moved when the muscle is activated
Action
The function of a particular muscle/what the muscle does
Types of Action
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Synergist Muscles
Separate muscles that work toward the same goal.
Two or more muscles may help each other
Antagonist Muscles
Separate muscles work against each other (antagonize each other)
Fascia
Fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, separates different types of tissue
Superficial fascia
Subcutaneous tissue that allows free movement of the skin
Deep Fascia
Envelopes and binds muscles
Belly
- The widest part of the muscle
- The fleshy part of the muscle
- Some muscles have more than one
Occipital-frontalis (Occipitalis)
Origin: superior nuchal line (occipital bone)
Insertion: galea aponeurotica
Action: draws scalp posteriorly (toward the origin/ back of the head)
Occipital-frontalis (frontalis)
Definition: belly at the anterior of the cranium
Origin: galea aponeurotica
Insertion: skin of. Eyebrows and root of nose
Action: draws superior and wrinkles forword
Nickname: surprise muscle
Temporalis
Definition: located on the temples
Origin: temporal fossa
Insertion: Coronoid process (mandible)
Action: closes the jaw (muscle of mastication)
Corrugator
Origin: superciliary arch of frontal bone
Insertion: skin of eyebrow
Action: draws eyebrows inferiorly and wrinkles skin over glabella
Nickname: frowning muscle; means cardboard, wrinkly
Procerus
Origin: Nasal bone
Insertion: frontalis muscle and skin of glabella
Action: pulls eyebrows inferiorly
Masseter
Origin: zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch of temporal bone
Insertion: angle and Ramos of mandible
Nickname: chewing muscle (masticate=chew)
Risorius
Origin: deep fascia of cheek
Insertion: skin at the corner of mouth
Action: draws corner of mouth Laterally
Nickname: false smile
Orbicularis oris
Origin: mandible, maxilla, and adjacent muscles to mouth
Insertion: skin and muscles of lips
Action: compresses and proteudes lips and closes mouth
Nickname: puckering muscle
Depressor labii inferioris
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin of lower lip
Action: draws lower lip inferiorly and laterally
(Quadratus labii inferioris- means four sides)
Depressor Anguli Oris
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin and muscles at corner of the mouth
Action: draws corner of mouth inferiorly
(Triangularis)
Mentalis
Origin: incisive fossa of mandible
Insertion: skin of chin
Action: elevates and protrudes lower lip, wrinkles skin of chin
(Mental=chin)
Digastric (Anterior Belly)
Origin: mandible (exception to “origin” rule because mandible moves)
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: lowers mandible and opens jaw
(Digastric=2 bellies)
Digastric (posterior belly)
Origin: mastoid process
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevates hyoid bone during mastication (chewing) and swallowing
Levator palpebrae superioris (deep)
Origin: sphenoid bone inside rear of eye socket
Insertion: skin of superior eyelid
Action: draws eyelids open
Orbicularis oculi
Origin: frontal and maxilla bones and ligaments surround the eye sockets
Insertion: inferior and superior palpebrae
Action: closes eyelids, squinting, blinking, and draws eyebrows inferiorly
Lavator labii superior aleque nasi
Definition; lifter or top lip, located on the sides of the face
Origin: frontal process of maxilla
Insertion: skin of nostril wing and the upper lip
Action: raises upper lip and dislates the nostrils
Lavator labii superioris
Origin: zygomatic and maxilla bones
Insertion: muscle and skin of the upper lip
Action: lifts upper lip and exposes maxillary (upper) teeth
Zygomaticus Major
Origin: lateral area of zygomatic bone. Insertion: muscle and skin of upper lip
Action: draws lip posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally
Nickname: laughing muscle (remember “major laughs”)
Zygomaticus Minor
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: muscle and skin of the upper lip
Action: draws upper lip superiorly and laterally
Nickname: smiling muscle
What muscles draw the lip superiorly?
Z minor, z major, LLS, LLSAN
Buccinator
Origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: lateral corner of Orbicularis Oris (mouth)
Action: compresses neck
Nickname: bugler’s muscle/ trumpeter’s muscle
Platysma
Origin: skin and fascia near clavicles
Insertion: mandible, skin of mouth, and cheeks
Action: depresses mandible and lower mouth; tenses skin of lower Face And anterior neck
(Plat=flat)
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Definition: two heads, one attaching to the clavicle, and one attaching to the sternum
Origin: clavicle and sternum
Insertion: mastoid process; part of occipitalis
Action: pulls the head anteriorly and inferiorly (to dip your head)
(Deep to platysma)
