Q3 Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
what is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder
- anxiety disorders
what is a diffuse, unpleasant, vague sense of apprehension
- anxiety
what are autonomic symptoms of anxiety
- headache
- perspiration
- heart palpitations
- chest tightness
- stomach discomfort
- restlessness
anxiety presentation depends on ___________
- perception of stress
anxiety is _____ at low levels and _______ at high levels
- adaptive at low levels
- disabling at high levels
features of pathologic anxiety
- autonomy - no/minimal trigger
- intensity
- duration
- behavior
medical conditions that mimic anxiety disorders
- endocrine
- hypoxia
- metabolic
- neuro
drug intoxications that mimic anxiety
- caffeine
- cocaine
- stimulants
drug withdrawal that mimics anxiety disorder
- alcohol
- Benzos
- narcotics
neurotransmitters in anxiety
- high NE
- low GABA and serotonin
what is the first line treatment for anxiety disorders
- CBT (exposure)
treatment for acute anxiety
- benzodiazepines
what is recurrent excessive distress that may occur when anticipating or experiencing separation from home or from major attachment figures
what symptoms come along
treatment
- separation anxiety disorder
- school refusal
- headaches/stomach aches
- sleep disturbances
- exposure
separation anxiety is normal in what age group
- 1-3
what are sudden discrete episodes of intense anxiety
- panic attacks
panic attacks peak within ______
- 10 minutes
PANICC attack symptoms
- pulmonary
- autonomic arousal
- neurological
- GI
- cardiac
- cognitive
what is a syndrome characterized by recurrent panic attacks (at least 4 in one month)
what distinguishes this
- panic disorder
- does not have a trigger
panic disorder attacks are followed for at least one month with
- concern about another attack
- worry about implications of the attack
- behavior changes because of the attack
which gender is more affected by panic disorder
- ratio
- females
- 2/1
onset of panic disorder
- late teens- third decade of life
important comorbidity of panic disorder
- major depression
what condition is anxiety or avoidance of places or situations from which escape might be difficult or help may be unavailable
- agoraphobia
which situations do people with agoraphobia fear (two or more of the following)
- using public transportation
- being in open spaces
- being in enclosed spaces
- standing in line or being in a crowd
- being outside the home alone
GAD occurs more days than not for _____
is there a trigger?
- 6 months
- difficult to control the worry
- no specific trigger
which gender is more impacted by GAD
ratio
- females
2/1
treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- CBT
- SSRIs/SNRIs
- Benzos
- Buspirone
MOA of Buspirone
when do we use it
- partial agonist for 5HT1A receptors
- treating anxiety in those with substance abuse issues
what is a marked and persistent fear that is excessive and unreasonable of a specific object or situation
- specific phobia
5 phobia subtypes
- animals
- natural environment
- blood
- situational
- other
lifetime prevalence of specific phobia
- 12.5%
what is a marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others
- social anxiety disorder
social anxiety disorder more common in which gender
- females
- but males more in clinical samples
comorbidities of social anxiety disorder
- depression
- substance abuse
treatments for social anxiety disorder long term
- CBT
- antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs)
treatment for infrequent events of social anxiety disorder
- benzos
- low dose beta blocker (propranolol) for autonomic symptoms
