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HBHD > Q1 Principles of Learning and Intro to Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Q1 Principles of Learning and Intro to Psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

what names are associated with classical conditioning

A
  • pavlov (and dogs)

- Watson (and little Albert)

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2
Q

what happens when the conditioned response occurs to a stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus

A
  • generalization
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3
Q

what is the ability to differentiate between the conditioned stimulus and other stimuli that haven’t been paired with the unconditioned stimulus

A
  • discrimination
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4
Q

what psychiatric illnesses are associated with classical conditioning

A
  • phobias
  • PTSD
  • paraphilias
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5
Q

who is associated with operant conditioning

A
  • Skinner

- Thorndike

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6
Q

what is something that increases the frequency of behavior

A
  • reinforcer
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7
Q

what is something that decreases the frequency of behavior

A
  • punisher
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8
Q

what does positive mean in behaviorism

A
  • something shows up that wasn’t there before
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9
Q

what does negative mean in behaviorism

A
  • something goes away that was present before
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10
Q

what is a positive reinforcer

A
  • reward
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11
Q

what is a negative reinforcer

A
  • relief
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12
Q

Person is rewarded or reinforced when he or she randomly (by trial and error) shows something like the desired behavior. Closer and closer approximations of the wanted behavior are then reinforced until the correct behavior is achieved

A
  • shaping
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13
Q

what are some psychiatric illnesses that arise as a result of operant conditioning

A
  • substance dependence
  • anxiety disorders
  • oppositional defiant disorder
  • depressive disorders
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14
Q

who is associated with observational learning

A
  • Bandura
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15
Q

components of observational learning model

A
  • attention
  • retention
  • initiation
  • motivation
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16
Q

what is the treatment target for behavioral therapies

A
  • change ineffective behaviors

- disrupt ineffective reinforcement schedules

17
Q

what is the treatment target for cognitive and cognitive behavioral therapies

A
  • modify distorted cognitions

- change ineffective behaviors

18
Q

what happens when people with depression isolate and withdraw from humans more

A
  • they have fewer reinforcers

- avoidance behaviors get higher

19
Q

what form of therapy aims to change contextual factors through alternative coping

A
  • behavioral activation
20
Q

what occurs in inhibitory learning

A
  • get to brain to think on a higher level rather than just impending death
21
Q

what is the treatment for cognitive avoidance

A
  • imaginal exposure
22
Q

what is the treatment for behavioral avoidance

A
  • in vivo exposure
23
Q

Repeated stimulation results in a decreased response

A
  • habituation
24
Q

Repeated stimulation results in an increased response

A
  • sensitization
25
Q

Observational learning where an individual observes others and imitates their behavior.

A
  • modeling
26
Q

Decrease and ultimate disappearance of the conditioned response resulting from the unpairing of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli

A
  • extinction
27
Q

Evidence-based, short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy that takes a hands-on, practical approach to problem-solving. Its goal is to change patterns of thinking or behavior that are behind people’s difficulties, and so change the way they feel.

A
  • cognitive behavioral therapy
28
Q

insight-oriented therapy, focuses on unconscious processes as they are manifested in a person’s present behavior.

A
  • psychodynamic therapy
29
Q

Specific from of cognitive therapy focused on helping people increase their emotional and cognitive regulation by learning about the triggers that lead to reactive states and helping to assess which coping skills to apply in the sequence of events, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to help avoid undesired reactions

A
  • dialectical behavioral therapy

HBHD (23 decks)

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