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HBHD > Q1 Psychopharmacology > Flashcards

Q1 Psychopharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

what is an important determinant of the uptake of a drug in the brain

A
  • its lipid solubility
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2
Q

what increases permeability of the BBB

A
  • meningeal and encephalic inflammation
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3
Q

most psych meds are oral so absorption occurs where

A
  • small intestine
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4
Q

it takes how many half lives to reach steady state

A
  • 3-5
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5
Q

which type of drugs enact their effects immediately

A
  • stimulants
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6
Q

where is serotonin made

A
  • raphe nuclei
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7
Q

where is NE made

A
  • locus coeruleus
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8
Q

90% of all serotonin and receptors are found where

makes sense why SSRIs cause

role of it there

A
  • in the Gut
  • GI upset
  • motility of gastric and intestinal smooth muscle
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9
Q

in the spinal cord, serotonin is _____ in pain pathways

A
  • inhibitory
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10
Q

serotonin is also associated with which psychological condition

A
  • anxiety
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11
Q

what was serotonin originally named

A
  • enteramine
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12
Q

platelets require serotonin for what

which means SSRIs have a risk of

A
  • aggregation

- upper GI bleeding (epistaxis)

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13
Q

spontaneous clonus, tremor and hyperreflexia, hypertonia and inducible or ocular clonus with agitation or diaphoresis are symptoms of

A
  • serotonin syndrome
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14
Q

NE regulates _____ and ______

A
  • blood pressure

- calmness

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15
Q

for the purposes of pharmacology, we focus on which subtypes of NE adrenergic receptors

A
  • alpha
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16
Q

dopamine is usually (excitatory/inhibitory)

A
  • inhibitory
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17
Q

dopamine GI action

dopamine antagonist result

A
  • pro-motility

- constipation

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18
Q

Monoamine known to be involved in parkinsonism, mood, fear, pleasure, addiction (opioid), and schizophrenia

A
  • dopamine
19
Q

what are the building blocks of dopamine

A
  • phenylalanine and tyrosine
20
Q

is dopamine able to cross the BBB

why

A
  • no

- it is not lipophilic

21
Q

which projection are important for higher-order cognitive function, including motivation, reward, emotion, and impulse control

A
  • mesocortical
22
Q

which pathway is associated with reward, and learned behaviors. Dysfunction in this pathway is associated with addiction, schizophrenia, and psychosis and learning deficits

A
  • mesolimbic
23
Q

which pathway is a key regulator of movement. impairments in this pathway are involved in Parkinson’s and underlie motor adverse effects associated with antipsychotics like pseudoparkinsons

A
  • nigrostriatal
24
Q

dopamine released in the _______ pathway is sent to the pituitary where it regulates _____ secretion

A
  • tuberoinfundibulnar

- prolactin

25
Q

what is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

A
  • GABA
26
Q

functions of GABA

A
  • sleep
  • reducing anxiety
  • forming memories
27
Q

what is a receptor for glutamate

A
  • NMDA
28
Q

what is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

A
  • glutamate
29
Q

what is glutamate important for

A
  • learning
  • memory
  • synaptic plasticity
30
Q

excessive activation of NMDA receptors after neuronal injury may be responsible for

A
  • cell death
31
Q

adverse effect of glutamate

A
  • seizures
32
Q

function of acetylcholine

A
  • muscle contraction

- regulate memory

33
Q

slide effects of acetylcholine

A
  • SLUDS
  • salivation
  • lacrimation
  • urination
  • defecation
  • sweating
34
Q

function of histamine in GI tract

A
  • secretion of gastric acid
35
Q

side effect of too much histamine

A
  • seizures
36
Q

risperidone mostly targets which receptor

A
  • 5HT2A
37
Q

haloperidol mostly targets which receptor

A
  • D2
38
Q

olanzapine mostly targets which receptor

A
  • 5HT2A
39
Q

Catecholamine important for mood, anxiety, arousal, learning, and memory

A
  • norepinephrine
40
Q

Indolamine important for mood, sleep, pain, appetite, sexual drive, and impulse regulation

A
  • serotonin
41
Q

Amine involved in regulation of behavior, mood, and cognitive function

A
  • acetylcholine
42
Q

Amino acid neurotransmitter very important for inhibition of neuronal firing and related to anxiety

A
  • GABA
43
Q

Amino acid neurotransmitter very important for excitation of neuronal firing

A
  • glutamate

HBHD (23 decks)

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