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HBHD > Q1 Normal Development > Flashcards

Q1 Normal Development Flashcards

1
Q

at how many months does a child hold head up 45 degrees

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 2 months
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2
Q

at how many months does a child bear weight on legs

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 4 months
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3
Q

at how many months does a child sit with minimal support

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 6 months
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4
Q

at how many months does a child sit without support

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 9 months
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5
Q

at how many months does a child stand alone

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 12 months
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6
Q

at how many months does a child walk alone

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 15 months
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7
Q

at how many months does a child walk up steps

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 18 months
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8
Q

at how many months does a child run

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 24 months
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9
Q

at how many months does a child grasp objects

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 4 months
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10
Q

at how many months does a child pass objects hand to hand

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 6 months
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11
Q

at how many months does a child pincer grasp

  • 2 months
  • 4 months
  • 6 months
  • 9 months
  • 12 months
  • 15 months
  • 18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 9 months
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12
Q

what is the rule of stacking cubes

A
  • age x 3
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13
Q

at what month range does a child begin putting things in their mouth

A
  • 3-6 months
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14
Q

at how many months does a child begin differentiating cries

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 0-3 months
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15
Q

at how many months does a child use vocal play such as gurgling, babbling
- including laughing and squealing

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 4-6 months
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16
Q

at how many months does a child use speech like babbling including the use of consonants and vowels including first words like “mama” and “doggie”

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 7-12 months
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17
Q

at how many years does a child use two word questions like “no doggie” or “where ball?”

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 2-3 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 1-2 years
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18
Q

at how many years does a child use two/three world utterances

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 2-3 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 2-3 years
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19
Q

at how many years does a child combine four or more words in sentence form

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 2-3 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 3-4 years
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20
Q

at how many years does a child use long and detailed sentences and adult like grammar

  • 0-3 months
  • 4-6 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 1-2 years
  • 2-3 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 4-5 years
A
  • 4-5 years
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21
Q

when does the “explosion in language” occur

A
  • 18-24 months
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22
Q

at how many months does a child have a smiling social reflex

A
  • 2 months
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23
Q

at how many months does a child respond to name

A
  • 12 months
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24
Q

at how many months does a child follow simple commands like “stop”

A
  • 15 months
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25
Q

at how many months does a child recognize mother?

  • 2 months
  • 8-10 months
  • 12 months
  • 14-18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 2 months
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26
Q

at how many months does a child have stranger anxiety and plays peek a boo

  • 2 months
  • 8-10 months
  • 12 months
  • 14-18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 8-10 months
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27
Q

at how many months does a child drink from a cup and wave bye bye

  • 2 months
  • 8-10 months
  • 12 months
  • 14-18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 12 months
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28
Q

at how many months does a child imitate actions

  • 2 months
  • 8-10 months
  • 12 months
  • 14-18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 14-18 months
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29
Q

at how many months does a child play interactive games like patty-cake

  • 2 months
  • 8-10 months
  • 12 months
  • 14-18 months
  • 24 months
A
  • 24 months
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30
Q

what characteristic of attachment of Bowlby is the desire to be near the people we are attached to

A
  • proximity maintenance
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31
Q

what characteristic of attachment of Bowlby is returning to the attachment figure for comfort and safety in the face of fear or threat

A
  • safe haven
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32
Q

what characteristic of attachment of Bowlby is the attachment figure acts as a base of security from which the child can explore the surrounding environment

A
  • secure base
33
Q

what characteristic of attachment of Bowlby is anxiety that occurs in the absence of the attachment figure

A
  • separation distress
34
Q

what is Konrad Lorenz known for

A
  • imprinting
35
Q

which experiment showed the importance of nurturance beyond just basic needs where the monkeys showed increase anxiety and would seek the cloth mother for support

what did this experiment highlight?

A
  • harlow

- the need to provide nurturance in early years

36
Q

what is the love hormone

A
  • oxytocin
37
Q

what is the pleasure hormone

A
  • dopamine
38
Q

who came up with the strange situation where the mother and 12 month old play, the mother leaves, stranger enters, and mother then returns

A
  • Ainsworth
39
Q

secure attachment style

  • willingness to explore
  • stranger anxiety
  • separation anxiety
  • behavior at reunion
  • percentage of infants
A
  • high
  • high
  • easy to sooth
  • enthusiastic
  • 50-70%
40
Q

insecure avoidant attachment style

  • willingness to explore
  • stranger anxiety
  • separation anxiety
  • behavior at reunion
  • percentage of infants
A
  • high
  • low
  • indifferent
  • avoids contact
  • 10-20%
41
Q

insecure ambivalent attachment style

  • willingness to explore
  • stranger anxiety
  • separation anxiety
  • behavior at reunion
  • percentage of infants
A
  • low
  • high
  • distressed
  • seeks and rejects
  • 10-20%
42
Q

disorganized attachment style

  • willingness to explore
  • stranger anxiety
  • separation anxiety
  • behavior at reunion
  • percentage of infants
A
  • variable
  • low
  • some have anxiety
  • some fear
  • 5%
43
Q

what disorder describes:

  • minimal social and emotional responsiveness to others
  • limited positive affects
  • episodes of unexplained irritability, sadness, or fearfulness (even during non-threatening interactions)
  • what is the age of onset
A
  • reactive attachment disorder

- 9 months - 5 years

44
Q

what disorder describes:

  • reduced reticence in interacting with unfamiliar adults
  • overly familiar social behavior
  • diminished checking back with caregiver
  • willingness to go off with unfamiliar adult

what is the age of onset

A
  • disinhibited social engagement disorder

- 9 months - 5 years

45
Q

who is responsible for separation individuation

A psychologist who described early development as a sequential process of separation of the child from the mother or primary caregiver

A
  • Mahler
46
Q

what Mahler stage:

  • 0-5 months
  • where the infant has vague awareness but does not recognize separateness
A
  • symbiosis
47
Q

what Mahler stage:

  • 5-10 months
  • infant becomes more aware
  • stranger anxiety develops
A
  • differentiation
48
Q

what Mahler stage:

  • 10-15 months
  • increased exploration from mom
  • separation anxiety develops
A
  • practicing
49
Q

what Mahler stage:

  • 18-24 months
  • self awareness develops
  • wants to stay close and explore

Developmentally normal period of alternating exploration and return to attachment figures

A
  • rapprochment
50
Q

what Mahler stage:

  • 24-36 months
  • maintains internal representation of mom
  • can tolerate separation because knows will return
A
  • consolidation and object constancy
51
Q

who is responsible for states of psychosexual development

A
  • Freud
52
Q

what stage of psychosexual development:

  • age: birth-18 months
  • principal task: weaning (breast feeding)
A
  • oral
53
Q

what stage of psychosexual development:

  • age: 18 months- 3-4 years
  • principal task: toilet training
A
  • anal
54
Q

what stage of psychosexual development:

  • age: 3-5 years - 5-7 years
  • principal task: sexual identity
A
  • phallic stage
55
Q

what stage of psychosexual development:

  • age: 5-7 years - puberty
  • principal task: learning
A
  • latent
56
Q

what stage of psychosexual development:

  • age: from puberty onward
  • principal task: genital intercourse
A
  • genital stage
57
Q

who was responsible for psychosocial development

A
  • Erikson
58
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: infancy (0-1)
  • resolution: hope
  • culmination in old age: appreciation of interdependence and relatedness
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • basic trust versus mistrust
59
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: early childhood (1-3)
  • resolution: will
  • culmination in old age: acceptance of cycle of life, from integration to disintegration
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • autonomy versus shame
60
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: play age (3-6)
  • resolution: purpose
  • culmination in old age: humor, empathy, resilence
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • initiative versus guilt
61
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: school (6-12)
  • resolution: competence
  • culmination in old age: humility; accepts the course of one’s life and unfulfilled hopes
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • industry versus inferiority
62
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: adolescence (12-19)
  • resolution: fidelity
  • culmination in old age: sense of complexity of life; merging of sensory, logical, and aesthetic perception
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • identity versus confusion
63
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: early adulthood (20-25)
  • resolution: love
  • culmination in old age: sense of complexity of relationships; value of tenderness and loving freely
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • intimacy versus isolation
64
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: adulthood (26-64)
  • resolution: care
  • culmination in old age: caring for others, and empathy and concern
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • generativity versus stagnation
65
Q

what stage of social and moral development:

  • age: old age (65-death)
  • resolution: wisdom
  • culmination in old age: existential identity: a sense of integrity strong enough to withstand physical disintegration
  • industry versus inferiority
  • basic trust versus mistrust
  • identity versus confusion
  • autonomy versus shame
  • integrity versus dispair
  • intimacy versus isolation
  • generativity versus stagnation
  • initiative versus guilt
A
  • integrity versus dispair
66
Q

who described the stages of cognitive development

A
  • Piaget
67
Q

what is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development

A
  • child engages world and constructs concepts/schemas to integrate and explain info
  • child assimilates information into existing schemas
68
Q

within Piaget’s theory, how does a child change schemas

A
  • accommodates discordant information
  • causes cognitive dissonance (disequilibrium)
  • constructs new schemas
69
Q

which Piaget stage of cognitive development:

  • age: 0-18 months
  • characteristics: actions, senses, into mouth, throw bang, egocentric
A
  • sensorimotor
70
Q

which Piaget stage of cognitive development:

  • age: 18 months - 5/6 years
  • characteristics: language development, symbols, egocentric, transduction reasoning-related by time or space not logic
A
  • pre-operational
71
Q

which Piaget stage of cognitive development:

  • age: 6/7 years - 12 years
  • characteristics: conservation, serialization, relational concepts, class inclusion, perspective taking,
A
  • concrete operations
72
Q

which Piaget stage of cognitive development:

  • age: 12+ years
  • characteristics: abstract thought, general plan for problem solving, future projection
A
  • formal operations
73
Q

gray matter wanes in a _____ to ____ wave as the brain matures and neural connections are pruned

A
  • back to front
74
Q

areas for more basic functions mature ______

areas for higher order functions mature _____

A
  • earlier

- later

75
Q

what area of the brain is among the last to mature

A
  • pre-frontal cortex
76
Q

Score to evaluate neonate survival, assessing appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. Scored out of 10. Assessed at 1 and 5 minutes of life

A
  • APGAR
77
Q

Classification scheme for evaluation of development of primary and secondary sex characteristics

A
  • tanner staging
78
Q

a common known cause of inherited intellectual disability

A
  • fragile x syndrome

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