Q#3 - CELLS PT.2 & PT. 3 Flashcards
This cell part is composed mainly of PHOSPHOLIPIDS and PROTEINS, allowing certain material to move across them.
CELL MEMBRANE
The quality of the cell membrane allowing certain material to move across them is called?
SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY
The _____________ model is based on the knowledge of the _____________.
FLUID-MOSAIC; CELL MEMBRANE
What are the functions of the cell membrane? Enumerate the SIX (6).
- Regulate the movement of material
- Separate the inside of the cell from the outside
- Separate various organelles within the cell
- Provide a large surface area
- Are a site for receptors
- Separate cells from one another
Cell membranes contain zones called?
LIPID RAFTS
Cell membranes are heavily enriched in _______________.
CHOLESTEROL
Some molecules use their own energy to move.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
Passive transport is the transportation from an area of _________ concentration to an area of _________ concentration.
HIGHER; LOWER
Give the THREE (3) examples of PASSIVE TRANSPORT.
1) SIMPLE DIFFUSION
2) FACILITATED DIFFUSION
3) OSMOSIS AND FILTRATION
This is the NET MOVEMENT of molecules or ions from a region of HIGHER CONCENTRATION to a region of LOWER CONCENTRATION.
DIFFUSION
What is the driving force of diffusion?
DIFFERENCE IN THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
What are the factors affecting DIFFUSION RATES? Cite the FIVE (5).
1) SIZE
2) TEMPERATURE
3) STEEPNESS OF THE CONCENTRATION
4) CHARGE
5) PRESSURE
What do you call the movement across CELL MEMBRANES?
OSMOSIS
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of HIGHER WATER CONCENTRATION to an area of LOWER CONCENTRATION is?
OSMOSIS
Osmosis is just a special type of diffusion, not a _______ method.
DIFFERENT
Net diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane between two fluids
OSMOSIS
EFFECT OF SALT CONCENTRATION ON ANIMAL CELL VOLUMES
- Equivalent solute concentration
ISOTONIC
EFFECT OF SALT CONCENTRATION ON ANIMAL CELL VOLUMES
- Concentrated solutes outside.
HYPERTONIC (on the outside)
EFFECT OF SALT CONCENTRATION ON ANIMAL CELL VOLUMES
- Dilute solutes outside
HYPOTONIC (on the outside)
What happens to cells in an ISOTONIC solution?
NOTHING/NORMAL
What happens to cells in a HYPERTONIC solution?
SHRIVELED
What happens to cells in a HYPOTONIC solution?
CELLS SWELL AND EVENTUALLY BURST
This transport across membranes REQUIRES energy from the cell to move substances from LOWER concentration to HIGHER concentration areas.
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
This movement require ATP energy.
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
There are how many types of carrier proteins?
THREE (3)
Cite the ADDITIONAL PROCESSES that move molecules across membranes in bulk.
1) ENDOCYTOSIS
- Pinocytosis
- Phagocytosis
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis
2) EXOCYTOSIS
What does LDL mean?
LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
Is LDL good or bod cholesterol?
BAD CHOLESTEROL
Cholesterol travels in the ________ along with LDLs.
BLOOD
LDL act as _______(molecules that specifically bind with receptor proteins)
LIGANDS