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ZOOLOGY (LECTURE) > Q#3 - CELLS PT.1 > Flashcards

Q#3 - CELLS PT.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are cells?

A

1) CELLS ARE THE BASIC OR FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF LIFE
2) ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF CELLS.

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2
Q

Cells are the ______ or ______ units of life.

A

BASIC; FUNDAMENTAL

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3
Q

What are the TWO (2) TYPES of CELLS?

A

1) PROKARYOTIC CELLS
2) EUKARYOTIC CELLS

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4
Q

In the types of cells, the simple _________________ lack nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles.

A

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

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5
Q

Prokaryotic cells lack?

A

1) NUCLEI
2) OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES

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6
Q

Under prokaryotic cells, what are the two domains?

A

1) ARCHAEA
2) EUBACTERIA

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7
Q

This type of cell is larger and have many membrane-bound organelles.

A

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

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8
Q

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having?

A

1) DNA in a nucleus that is bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope.
2) Have membrane-bound organelles
3) Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus.

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Eukaryotic cells are generally MUCH LARGER than PROKARYOTIC CELLS.

A

TRUE

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10
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Genetic Recombination: Partial, unidirectional transfer of DNA.

A

PROKARYOTE

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11
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Flagella: Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually 20 microtubules in 9 + 2 pattern

A

EUKARYOTE

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12
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Ribosomes: 70S

A

PROKARYOTE

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13
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Differentiation: Rudimentary

A

PROKARYOTE

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14
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Differentiation: Tissues and Organs

A

EUKARYOTE

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15
Q

PROKARYOTE OR EUKARYOTE

Ribosomes: 80S (except in mitochondria and chloroplasts)

A

EUKARYOTE

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16
Q

What are the only components present in PROKARYOTIC CELLS?

A
  • Genetic Recombination
  • Flagella
  • Cell Walls
  • Ribosomes
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Vacuoles
  • Vesicles
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17
Q

All eukaryotes have THREE (3) BASIC PARTS; enumerate:

A

1) CELL MEMBRANE
2) CYTOPLASM
3) NUCLEUS

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18
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Locomotion organelle in some animal cells; composed of a cluster of microtubules within an extension of the plasma membrane.
A

FLAGELLUM

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19
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Region where the cell’s microtubules are initiated; contains a pair of centrioles (function unknown)
A

CENTROSOME

20
Q

What organelle is this?

  • Reinforces cell’s shape, functions in cell movement; components are made of proteins,
A

CYTOSKELETON

21
Q

What is the cytoskeleton made of?

A

1) MICROFILAMENTS
2) INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS
3) MICROTUBULES

22
Q

What organelle is this?

  • Projections that increase the cell’s surface area.
A

MICROVILLI

23
Q

What is this organelle?

  • This is an organelle with various specialized metabolic functions; produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product then converts it to water.
A

PEROXISOME

24
Q

What is this organelle?

  • An organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated.
A

MITOCHONDRION

25
Q

What is this organelle?

  • A digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed.
A

LYSOSOME

26
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting and secretion of cell products.
A

GOLGI APPARATUS

27
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Complexes (small brown dots) that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope.
A

RIBOSOMES

28
Q

What is this organelle?

  • The membrane enclosing the cell.
A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

29
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Double membrane enclosing the nucleus; perforated by pores; continuous with ER
A

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

30
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoli.
A

NUCLEOLUS

31
Q

What is this organelle?

  • Material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible as individual chromosomes in a dividing cell.
A

CHROMATIN

32
Q

What organelle is this?

  • A network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome-studded) and smooth regions.
A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

33
Q

Organelles in animal cells but not plant cells:

A

1) LYSOSOMES
2) CENTROSOMES
3) FLAGELLA (but present in some plant sperm)

34
Q

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS

  • Plasma membrane _______ the cell and_________ interactions between the cell and its environment.
A

ENCLOSES; MEDIATES

35
Q

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS

  • Cells _____ and ______ DNA as ___________ _________ in the chromosomes.
A

USE; CARRYL HEREDITARY BLUEPRINTS

36
Q

BASIC FEATURES OF CELLS

  • Cells have ________ that synthesizes proteins.
A

RIBOSOMES

37
Q

BASCI FEATURES OF CELLS

  • Cells OBTAIN and UTILIZE ________ & ________.
A

ENERGY; NUTRIENTS

38
Q

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF CELLS

  • Cell function is _______ by cell size.
A

LIMITED

39
Q

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF CELLS

  • Cells are DIVERSE in ________ and _________.
A

FORM; FUNCTION

40
Q

This organelle provides INTERNAL COMPARTMENTALIZATION.

A

CELL MEMBRANE

41
Q

Provides local environments for varying processes to occur.

A

INTERNAL COMPARTMENTALIZATION

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

  • Membrane are compatible to other membranes within the cell.
A

TRUE

43
Q

Cells are limited in size by ______________________ between their outer surface area and their volume.

A

SURFACE TO VOLUME RATIO

44
Q

The cell’s nucleus can only control a certain amount of living __________ or ___________.

A

CYTOPLASM; CELL CONTENTS

45
Q

As the radius of a sphere increases, its volume increases more rapidly than its ______________.

A

SURFACE AREA

46
Q

The shape of a cell depends on its ____________.

A

FUNCTION

ZOOLOGY (LECTURE) (10 decks)

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