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ZOOLOGY (LECTURE) > 1ST QUIZ - ZOOLOGY > Flashcards

1ST QUIZ - ZOOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

State the 5 main topics from the intro.

A
  1. The Science of Zoology
  2. Characteristics of Life
  3. Hierarchy of Biological Organization
  4. The Scientific Process
  5. Limitations of Science
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2
Q

The study of animals.

A

Zoology

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3
Q

Full name of your Zoology Lecture professor.

A

Esteven Theodore A. Nacar, MS

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4
Q

One of the broadest fields in the study of life.

A

ZOOLOGY

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5
Q

Studies all aspects of animal life (e.g . _______________, ___________ & etc)

A

ZOOLOGY; structure; function

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6
Q

Why study zoology?

A
  • understand animal life and its origins
  • learn and understand about a particular structure, function, or process in relation to animals
  • various adaptations that enable the success of animals in their respective habitats.
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7
Q

What are the perspectives in Zoology?

A

EVOLUTIONARY & ECOLOGICAL

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8
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

  • Study of the structure of entire organism and their function.
A

ANATOMY

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9
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the structure and functions of cells.

A

CYTOLOGY

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10
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the interactions of organisms with their environment.

A

ECOLOGY

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11
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the stages of animal development.

A

EMBRYOLOGY

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12
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the mechanisms of transmission of traits from parent to offspring.

A

GENETICS

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13
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of tissues.

A

HISTOLOGY

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14
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the subcellular components.

A

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

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15
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of parasitic animals and their corresponding interactions.

A

PARASITOLOGY

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16
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of the function of organisms and their parts.

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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17
Q

Example of Specialization in Zoology

*Study of classification and evolutionary relationships.

A

SYSTEMATICS

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18
Q

Give the TEN (10) Specializations in Zoology

A
  1. ANATOMY
  2. CYTOLOGY
  3. ECOLOGY
  4. EMBRYOLOGY
  5. GENETICS
  6. HISTOLOGY
  7. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  8. PARASITOLOGY
  9. PHYSIOLOGY
  10. SYSTEMATICS
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19
Q

Give the SIX (6) Specializations in Zoology by Taxonomic Categories

A
  1. ENTOMOLOGY
  2. HERPETOLOGY
  3. ICHTHYOLOGY
  4. MAMMALOGY
  5. ORNITHOLOGY
  6. PROTOZOOLOGY
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20
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Insects

A

ENTOMOLOGY

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21
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Amphibians & Reptiles

A

HERPETOLOGY

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22
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Fishes

A

ICHTHYOLOGY

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23
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Mammals

A

MAMMALOGY

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24
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Birds (Avifauna)

A

ORNITHOLOGY

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25
Q

Supplementary Question

*Is the birds or the kinds of birds of a region, period, or environment

A

AVIFAUNA

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26
Q

Supplementary Question

*What is the Greek Word for “bird”?

A

ORNIS

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27
Q

Supplementary Question

*What is the Greek Word for “fish”?

A

IKHTUS

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28
Q

Supplementary Question

*What is the Greek Word for “insect”?

A

ENTOMON

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29
Q

Supplementary Question

*What is the Greek Word for “reptile/amphibian”?

A

HERPETON

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30
Q

Example of Specialization by Taxonomic Categories

*Study of Protozoa

A

PROTOZOOLOGY

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31
Q

Who are the three doctors mentioned in the discussion of specializations?

A
  1. DR. ANGEL ALCALA
  2. DR. NINA INGLE
  3. DR. JADE ASTER BADON
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32
Q

Zoology: An _____________ Perspective

This is the change in the genetic makeup of populations of organisms over time.

A

EVOLUTIONARY; BIOLOGICAL (ORGANIC) EVOLUTION

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33
Q

Zoology: An ________________ Perspective

  • __________ processes help explain:
  • How diversity of animal structure and function arose.
  • Family relationships within the animal kingdom.
A

EVOLUTIONARY

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34
Q

What does evolutionary processes help explain?

A
  1. HOW DIVERSITY OF ANIMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AROSE
  2. FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
  3. EXPLAIN ANIMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
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35
Q

Supplementary Question

  • Meaning “four legs” in Greek
  • include all land-living vertebrates, such as frogs, turtles, hawks, and lions
A

TETRAPODA

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36
Q

Supplementary Question

  • ‘ray-finned fishes,’ are the largest and most successful group of fishes and make up half of all living vertebrates.
A

ACTINOPTERYGII

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37
Q

Animal Classification and Evolutionary Relationships

  • Groups of individuals are more closely related if they ______ ______ DNA.
A

SHARE; MORE

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38
Q

Animal Classification and Evolutionary Relationships

  • Animal classification reflects a ______________ of ______________.
    # Binomial Nomeclature
    # ______________ (1707-1778)
    # Two-part name for each species; Part one is the ______ name; Part two is the ______ _____.
    #Draco spilopterus (underlined) or Draco Spilopterus (italicized)
A

HIERARCHY; RELATEDNESS
CARL vON LINNE; GENUS; SPECIES EPITHET

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39
Q

Animal Classification & Evolutionary Relationships:

  • State the Hierarchy of Relatedness
A

mnemonic: Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup

DOMAIN
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIES NAME

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40
Q

Animal Classification & Evolutionary Relationships:

  • Is the branch of biology that names and classifies species of increasing breadth [specific to general]
A

TAXONOMY

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41
Q

Animal Classification & Evolutionary Relationships:

  • _______, followed by ________, are the broadest units of classifications.
A

DOMAINS; KINGDOMS

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42
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

  • The study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.
  • Failure to understand ___________ relationships among animals and their environment has resulted to ___________ consequences.
A

ECOLOGY; ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS; DETRIMENTAL

43
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

Supplementary Question:
- Scientific name of “Mahogany”

A

Swietenia macrophylla

44
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

Supplementary Question:
- Former and present Scientific name of “Cane toad”

A

Rhinella marina (PRESENT)
Bufo marinus (FORMER)

45
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

  • Root of all other environmental problems.
  • Population estimated to be ________ by 2050.
A

HUMAN GLOBAL POPULATION; 9.6 BILLION

46
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

  • __________ stress all resources
  • Climate change, deforestation, water shortages, extinction of species
A

WORLD RESOURCES; OVERPOPULATION

47
Q

Zoology: An Ecological Perspective

  • _______ require dealing with overpopulation.
48
Q

What is life?

  • Life is recognized by ____________________:
A

WHAT LIVING THINGS DO

49
Q

What is life?

Cite what the SIX (6) things that living things do:

A
  1. Composed of CELLS (ORDER)
  2. Contains GENETIC MATERIAL (or DNA)
  3. Regulate METABOLIC PROCESSES
  4. Grow, develop & reproduce
  5. Respond to STIMULI/ Perform HOMEOSTASIS
  6. EVOLVE and ADAPT to the environment.
  7. ORDER
  8. REGULATION
  9. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
  10. REPRODUCTION
  11. RESPONSE TO STIMULUS
  12. EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION
    (7. ENERGY UTILIZATION)
50
Q

What is life?

  • maintaining internal balance through feebacking mechanisms.
A

HOMEOSTASIS

51
Q

What is life?

  • How does HOMEOSTASIS maintain internal balance?
A

FEEDBACKING MECHANISMS

52
Q

What is life?

Life is _________; HIERARCHY OF BIOLOGICAL ORDER

  • Living organisms function and interact with each other at many levels.
  • These levels are organized in a hierarchy of increasing complexity:
    #
    #
    #
A

ORGANIZED

  1. CELLULAR LEVEL
  2. ORGANISMAL LEVEL
  3. ECOSYSTEM LEVEL
53
Q

What is life?

  • State the properties of life (11)
A
  1. ATOM
  2. MOLECULES
  3. ORGANELLES
  4. CELLS
  5. TISSUES
  6. ORGAN
  7. ORGAN SYSTEM
  8. MULTI-CELLED ORGANISM
  9. POPULATION
  10. ECOSYSTEM
  11. BIOSPHERE
53
Q

What is life?

  • The smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance (element).
    Example: Carbon
54
Q

What is life?

  • A group of joined atoms.
    Example: DNA
55
Q

What is life?

  • A membrane bounded structure that has a specific function within a cell.
    Example: Chloroplast
56
Q

What is life?

  • A collection of specialized cells that function in a coordinated fashion. (Multicellular life only.)
    Example: Epidermis on leaf
57
Q

What is life?

  • The fundamental unit of life. Multicellular organisms consist of many cells; unicellular organisms consist only of one cell.
    Example. Leaf cell
58
Q

What is life?

  • A structure consisting of tissues organized to interact and carry out specific functions. (Multicellular only.)
    Example: Leaf
59
Q

What is life?

  • Organs connected physically or chemically that function together. (Multicellular life only.)
    Example: Aboveground part of a plant
A

ORGAN SYSTEM

60
Q

What is life?

  • A single living individual.
    Example: One acacia tree
61
Q

What is life?

  • A group of the same species of organism living in the same place and time.
    Example: Multiple acacia trees.
A

POPULATION

62
Q

What is life?

  • All populations that occupy the same region.
    Example: All populations in a savanna
63
Q

What is life?

  • The living and nonliving components of an area.
    Example: The savanna
64
Q

What is life?

  • The global ecosystem; the parts of the planet and its atmosphere where life is possible.
65
Q

What is life?

  • New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy.
    Example: The metal sodium combines with the poisonous gas chlorine, forming the edible compound sodium chloride, or table salt.
A

EMERGENT PROPERTIES

66
Q

What is life?

  • Form and ________ are correlated at all levels of biological organization.
67
Q

Scientists use the __________ ________

  • In general, all scientific _______ follows a standard process to study the natural world. The process is known as the __________ _________.
A

SCIENTIFIC METHOD; INQUIRY; SCIENTIFIC METHOD

68
Q

Detailed Concept Map: Scientific Method

  • a body of _________, steps for investigating ________/________ phenomena based on _________ or ________ ________.
A

TECHNIQUES; SCIENTIFIC/NATURAL; EMPRICAL; MEASURABLE; PARAMETERS

69
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

  • The scientific method has multiple interrelated parts…
70
Q

The scientific method begins with ________ and _________.

A

OBSERVATIONS; QUESTIONS

71
Q

Are the knowledge amassed before the experiment begins?

Example: Rotavirus is common and causes serious illness; vaccines are often cost-effective ways to prevent illness.

A

OBSERVATIONS

72
Q

The ________ & ________ are based on observations.

A

HYPOTHESIS; PREDICTIONS

73
Q

These are potential explanations for the observation, which can be supported or falsified by the data.
Example: The vaccine will stimulate the immune system and will therefore be associated with reduced incidence of rotavirus disease.

A

HYPOTHESES

74
Q

The _______ is designed to test the hypothesis.
Example: Researchers measure disease incidence among children in study.
- Data must be _______ and _______.

A

EXPERIMENT; OBJECTIVE; QUANTIFIABLE

75
Q

The _______ is based on the data from the experiment.
Example: Results suggest that the vaccine was safe and effective in this study.

A

CONCLUSION

76
Q

After drawing conclusions, the research is subjected to _____ ______.

  • Results are evaluated & reviewed by peers & published
A

PEER REVIEW

77
Q

An _______ ________ is a careful plan

A

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

78
Q

Well-designed experiments include:

  • number of subjects in a group
A

SAMPLE SIZE

79
Q

Well-designed experiments include:

  • what is being manipulated
A

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

80
Q

Well-designed experiments include:

  • what is measured
A

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

81
Q

Well-designed experiments include:

  • held constant for all subjects
A

STANDARDIZED VARIABLE

82
Q

Well-designed experiments include:

  • untreated group used for comparison
A

CONTROL VARIABLE

83
Q

An experimental design includes clear _________.

84
Q

A variable that an investigator manipulates to determine whether it influences the dependent variable

Example: Dose of vaccine

A

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

85
Q

A variable that an investigator measures to determine whether it is affected by the independent variable

EXAMPLE: Number of children with illness caused by rotavirus

A

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

86
Q

Any variable that an investigator intentionally holds constant for all subjects in an experiment, including the control group

Example: Age and health of children in study

A

STANDARDIZED VARIABLE

87
Q

Basis for comparison to treatment
group(s); control subjects may remain untreated or receive a placebo

Example: Placebo lacking active ingredient in vaccine

88
Q

Data interpreted using _______ _______

A

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

89
Q

Analyses test the data for __________ __________: the probability that the results arose purely by chance.

A

STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE

90
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • ___________ nature of science.
A

MECHANISTIC

91
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • Multiple _______ or _________.
A

INTERPRETATION; MISINTERPRETATION

92
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • _______________ and ___________ results must be repeatable.
A

OBSERVATIONS; EXPERIMENTAL

93
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • Scientific approach cannot provide answers to _____________.
A

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

94
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • Cannot provide _______, _______, or __________ _________
A

MORAL; AESTHETIC/ PHILOSOPHICAL STANDARDS

95
Q

LIMITS OF SCIENCE

  • Cannot support or falsify ____________ ____________.
A

SUPERNATURAL; EXPLANATION

96
Q

State the SIX (6) LIMITS OF SCIENCE

A
  1. MECHANISTIC NATURE OF SCIENCE
  2. MULTIPLE INTERPRETATIONS OR MISINTERPRETATION
  3. OBSERVATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS MUST BE REPEATABLE
  4. SCIENTIFIC APPROACH CANNOT PROVIDE ANSWERS TO SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS.
  5. CANNOT PROVIDES MORAL, AESTHETIC, AND PHILOSOPHICAL STANDARDS.
  6. CANNOT SUPPORT OR FALSIFY SUPERNATURAL EXPLANATION
97
Q

What is life?

Supplementary Question:

  • This creature is found in the rainforests of Ecuadpr; first discovered in 2009 and published March 24, 2015.
A

Pristimatis mutabilis - MUTABLE RAINFROG

98
Q

State the Scientific Method

A
  1. ASK A QUESTION
  2. DO BACKGROUND RESEARCH
  3. CONSTRUCT A HYPOTHESIS
  4. TEST WITH AN EXPERIMENT
  5. PROCEDURE WORKING
  6. ANALYZE DATA AND DRAW CONCLUSIONS
    7- RESULTS ALIGN WITH HYPOTHESIS/ RESULTS ALIAHGN PARTIALLY OR NOT AT ALL WITH HYPOTHESIS
  7. COMMUNICATION RESULTS
99
Q

State the TEN (10) Endemic Dracos (gliding lizards) of the Philippines

A
  1. Bimaculatus
  2. Cyanopterus
  3. Guentheri
  4. Jareckii
  5. Mindanensis
  6. Ornatus
  7. Palawenensis
  8. Quadrasi
  9. Reticulatus
  10. Spilopterus
100
Q

A Draco species found in:

  • BOHOL
  • LAPININ
  • CHICO
  • LEYTE
  • SAMAR
A

RETICULATUS

101
Q

A Draco species found in:

  • BOHOL
  • DINAGAT
  • MINDANAO
  • LEYTE
  • SAMAR
102
Q

A Draco species found in:

  • DINAGAT
  • MINDANAO
  • LEYTE
  • SAMAR
A

MINDANENSIS

ZOOLOGY (LECTURE) (12 decks)

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