Punishment

Question 1

Reasons for Punishment

Answer 1

1.keeps soc going - w/o would = anarchy & soc collapse - needs retribution - D - public pun = good for soc - creates consensus
2.M’s say serves cap by controlling W’s - police enforce WC X RC
3.interventionist camp - prisons = deterrent - evi suggests X work
4.rehab - can become respectable mems of soc

Question 2

Formal & Informal Agents

Answer 2

police - formal - enforce law in theory should = impartial - MP Rep & canteen cul
parli = formal - passes law - CPS decide who taken to court - court then decides pun & prison enforce
family unit, edu religion & media = informal

Question 3

Reduction

Answer 3

prevents furture crime

Question 4

Deterrence

Answer 4

punishing discourages from future offending

Question 5

Rehabilitation

Answer 5

can be used to reform / change offens so no longer offend - edu / anger management courses

Question 6

Retribution

Answer 6

offender deserves to be punished & soc = entitled to take revenge

Question 7

Role of Prison = Changing

Answer 7

Garland (2001) 0 tol pols led to mass incarceration - since 70s num of ppl in prison inc Uk & USA
prisons taking m of a welfare role than b4
can lead to transcarceration - ppl moved between dif kinds of insitus that control lives

Question 8

Acturial Justice

Answer 8

ppl are being inc controlled via sur based on sex religion pol affil employ status & assigned risk scores - profiling poten terror suspects & gov sur

Question 9

Retributive & Restitutive Justice

Answer 9

retributive = pun of indu which = cruel & servere
restitutive = nec to repair damage done to restore to how was b4 crime

Question 10

Synoptic Surveillance

Answer 10

sur = 2 way process - power of elites = monitored by media - Wiki Leaks but media often pressured to hide corruption

Question 11

Control & Punishment

Answer 11

Rational Choice Theory
Internalised Surveillance
Boundary Maintenance
Heidensohn control theory

Question 12

Functionalist

Answer 12

soc can only exist if have shared N’s & V’s - law = rep of col con - D suggests retri = outlet for anger - need pun for maintaining boundaries

Question 13

Rusche & Kirkhheimer

Marxism

Answer 13

pun = soc control & class dom - changes to fit econ & RC needs - physical, transportation, cheap prison labour - brutality when ppl plentiful & land short

Question 14

Foucault

PM

Answer 14

sovereign power - public pun = physical to show monarch’s power
now = disciplinary power - dec in sov power & new forms of state power moved to sur & monitoring

Question 15

Garland

Answer 15

Penal Welfarism - CJS didn’t just try to catch & pun but also rehab
now punitive state - cul of control = 3 ways to pun & control crime - actuarialism mass incar - tough on crime