Globalisation

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

allowed transnational org crime to flourish e.g. trafficking of arms, drugs & ppl - now live in global risk soc - human made threats include large environ damage

Question 2

Castells

Answer 2

bc of glab = glob crim econ worth over £1 tril per yr
trafficking of arms, women, children, body parts, cul artefacts, nuc materials, endangered species
smuggling illegal immigrants & goods
sec tourism
cyber & green crime
international terrorism
drugs trade

Question 3

Taylor

Answer 3

has created crimes at both end of spectrum - allowed trans nat corps to switch manu to low wage countries = job insecurity, unemploy & pov - also inc inequal = inc crime bc of resent & mat dep

Question 4

Glenny

Answer 4

McMafia - orgs that emerged in Russia after fall of com - traces origins of trans nat org crime to break up of sov union - coincided w/ glob market dereg

Question 5

Transnational Organised Crime

Answer 5

Held et al (1999) crime = glob - allowed TOC to grow - committed by glob crim orgs eg mafia eg drug trafficking, money laundering - can have 1000s mems - used to have power hier now have small almost indepen networks in dif countries
Hobbs & Dunningham (1998) = glocal
can = hard to police - not clear who = respon

Question 6

Trading Illegal Drugs & Arms

Answer 6

makes 100s of bils
Karofi & Mwanza (2006) outlined neg impact - health, soc behav consequens & funding or terrorism & wars
glob communications & fin markets means = easier - K&M highlight role in destabalising socs

Question 7

Human Trafficking & Modern Slavery

Answer 7

HT = illegal movement of ppl for exploitation - taken by force / deception - one of fastest growing glob crimes - mils = forced labour

Question 8

Cyber Crime

Answer 8

inc in comuter use inc cyber crime - data theft, fraud, credit & email scams & illegal porm - breaches national borders - crim law = powerless
= dif to asses extent - suggested will soon rival drug trade

Question 9

Terrorism

Answer 9

glob of communications & medi aided growth of international terrorism - can acces glob audience for propaganda & have online networks

Question 10

Taylor & Economic Liberalisation

(1997)

Answer 10

econ dereg given op to commit crime e.g. fraud, £ laud, tax evasion = crimes of powerful - m likely to go unpun - create law
glob & dereg made employ less secure inc instability red control states have over econs - inc unemploy & welfare cuts led to inc in crime - ppl don’t have secure reliable income
glob cap created m exploitation by trans nat corps
marketisation to blame - success = owning exspen - rela dep
too late to turn back attempt shohuld be made to recreate shared N’s & V’s to counter m