Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First Aid > pulmonology > Flashcards

pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

PAINT in restrictive lung disease

A 
Pleural 
alveolar
intersticial lung disease
inflamatory
idiopathic
Neuromuscular
Thoracic wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pleural problem causing restrictive disease(4)

A

fibrosis
effusions
empyema
pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

alveolar problem causing restrictive disease(3)

A

edema
hemorrage
pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

intersticial lung disease causing restrictive disease

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inflammatory problem causing restrictive disease(2)

A

sarcoid

bronchiolitis obliterans with organised pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neuromuscular problem causing restrictive disease(3)

A

myasthenia gravis
phrenic nerve palsy
myopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

thoracic wall problem involved in restrictive pulmonary disease(5)

A 
kyphoscoliosis
obesity
ascites
pregnancy
ankylosing spondilytis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

drugs associated with intersticial lung disease(6)

A 
busulfan
nitrofurantoin
amiodarone
radiation
bleomycin
long term o2 concentration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

features of sarcoid GRUELING

A 
granulomas
rheumatoid arthritis
uveitis
erythema  nodosum
lymphadenopathy
intersticial fibrosis
negative TB test
gammaglobulinemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lab for sarcoidosis(3)

A

high ACE
hypercalcemia
high ALP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with farmer’s lung

A

spores of actinomycetes from moldy hay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with bird fancier’s lung(3)

A

antigens from feathers
excreta
serum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with mushrom worker’s lung

A

spores actinomycetes from compost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with malt worker’s lung

A

spores of aspergillus clavatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with grain handler’s lung

A

grain weevil dust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

antigens of hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with bagassosis

A

spores of actinomycetes from sugar cane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

antigen associated with air conditioner lung

A

spores of actinomycetes from air conditionners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

causes of obstructive pulmonary disease(4)ABCT

A

asthma
bronchiectasis
cystic fibrosis
tracheal or bronchial obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

physiopatho in asthma symptoms(5)

A 
reversible airway obstruction
bronchial hyperactivity
airway inflammation
mucous plugging
smooth muscle hypertrophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

diseases in pneumoconiosis(4)

A

asbestosis
coal mine disease
silicosis
beryliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

biopsy in asbestosis

A

asbestos bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

occupation link with coal mine disease

A

work in undergroung coal mine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CXR in coal mine disease

A

small nodular opacities < 1 cm in upper lung zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

complication of coal mine disease

A

progressive massive fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

CXR in silicosis

A

small < 1 cm nodular opacities in upper lung

eggshell calcification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

complication of silicosis(2)

A

high risk of TB

progressive massive fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what to do in silicosis

A

need annual tb skin test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

CXR of beryliosis(2)

A

diffuse infiltrates

hilar adenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

rx for beryliosis

A

chronic steroid rx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

asthma triggers(5)

A 
allergens
URI
cold air
exercice
stress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

when to suspect asthma in children(2)

A

children with multiples episodes of croup

and URI associated with dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

definitive Dx of asthma

A

methacholine test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

rationale of methacholine test

A

test bronchial hyperresponsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

when to perform methacholine test

A

should be performed >/ 3 months following an acute episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

B2 agonist medication action

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

long acting B2 agonist

A

salmeterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

class of drug for theophyline

A

methylxanthines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

action of theophyline

A

cause bronchodilation by inhibiting phosdiesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

consequence in inhibition of phosphodiesterase in the setting of theophyline use

A

Decrease C AMP hydrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

limitation in use of theophyline

A

narrow therapeutic index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

side effect of theophyline(2

A

cardiotoxicity

neurotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

action of ipratopium

A

muscarinic antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

action of muscarinic antagonist

A

block of muscarinic receptors preventing bronchoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

action of cromolyn

A

prevents release of mediators from mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

importance of cromolyn

A

important in asthma prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

indication of corticosteroids in asthma

A

first line rx in chronic asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

drug ,antileukotriens(2)

A

zileuton

zafirlukast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

action of zileuton(2)

A

5 lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor

blocks conversion of arachidonic acid acid leukotriens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

action of zafirlukast

A

blocks leukotriens receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

quid of bronchiectasis

A

dialtion of bronchi due to cycles of infection and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

CT for bronchiectasis(2)

A

dilated airways

ballooned cysts at the end of the bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

xray in bronchiectasis(2)

A

tram lines

honeycombing area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

tram lines

A

parallele lines outlining dilated bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

physio patho of tram lines in bronchiectasis

A

peribronchial inflammation and fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

dx differantiel de bronchiectasis BRONCHIECTASIS

A 
Bronchial cyst
repeated gastric acid
or due to foreign bodies
necrotizing pneumonia
chemical corrosicve substance
hypogammaglobulinemia
immotile cilia syndrome
eosinophilia
cystic fibrosis
TB
ATOPIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
strep pnuemonia
in young syndrome
staph pneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

CAUSE OF EMPHYSEMA

A

terminal airway destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Cause of panlobular emphysema

A

alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Cause of centrilobular emphysema

A

smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

COPD(2)

A

emphysema

chronic bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Pink puffer appearance

A

emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

symptoms in pink puffer(2)

A

dyspnea

pursed lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

blue bloater appearance

A

chronic bronchitis

63
Q

symptoms of blue bloater

A

productive cough

64
Q

CXR of emphysema(2)

A

hyperinflated lungs

parenchymal bullae or subpleural blebs

65
Q

pathognomonic chest xray in emphysema

A

bleb subpleural or parenchymal bullae

66
Q

swanz ganz wedge pressure in ARDS

A

< 18 mm de hg

67
Q

main pulmonary vasculature disorder

A

pulmonary hypertension

68
Q

pulmonary hT

A

> 25 mm de hg

69
Q

cause of pulmonary hypertension(3)

A

left heart failure
mitral valve disease
increase resistance in the pulmonary veins

70
Q

dyspnea tachycardia normal XCR in a hospitalised and or bedridden patient what to think

A

pulmonary embolism

71
Q

rx of sleep apnea(3)

A

weight loss
continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
avoid alcohol and sedatives

72
Q

main location for lung cancer metastasis(4)

A

bone
liver
adrenals
brain

73
Q

lung cancer associated with gynecomastia

A

large cell

74
Q

lung cancer associated with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

A

non small cell

75
Q

small cell carcinoma and neuromuscular syndrome

A

peripheral neuropathy
subacute cerebellar degeneration
Myasthenia (eaton lambert syndrome)

76
Q

lung cancer associated with dermatomyositis

A

All

77
Q

lung cancer associated with anemia

A

all

78
Q

lung cancer associated with DIC

A

all

79
Q

lung cancer associated with eosinophilia

A

all

80
Q

lung cancer associated with thrombocytosis

A

all

81
Q

lung cancer associated with acanthosis nigricans

A

all

82
Q

lung cancer associated with erythema gyratum repens

A

all

83
Q

lung cancer assoiciated with thrombophlebitis

A

adenocarcinoma

84
Q

lung cancer assoiciated with nonbacterial verrucous endocarditis

A

adenocarcinoma

85
Q

quid of horner syndrome(3)

A

miosis
ptosis
anhidrosis

86
Q

presentation of Pneumothorax Pthorax

A 
Pleuritic chest pain
tracheal deviation
hyperresonnance
onset sudden
reduced breath sounds
absent fremitus
xrays shows collapse
87
Q

the most common lung cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

88
Q

localisation of adenocarcinoma

A

peripheral

89
Q

localisation of SCC

A

centrally located

90
Q

3 types of pneumothorax

A

spontaneous

secondary
tension

91
Q

spontaneous pneumothorax why

A

rupture of subpleural apical blebs

92
Q

presentation of spontaneous pneumothorax (3)

A

young males
thin
tall

93
Q

cause of secondary pneumothorax(4)

A

infection
Trauma
COPD
iatrogenic

94
Q

iatrogenic cause of secondary pneumothorax(4)

A

thorococentesis
subclavian line placement
Positive pressure mechanical ventilation
bronchoscopy

95
Q

first rx in tension pneumothorax(2)

A

needle decompression

followed by chest tube

96
Q

dx of wegener (graulomatosi with polyangitis)

A

serum antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody(C anca)

97
Q

rx of wegener

A

cytotoxic agent plus corticosteroids

98
Q

c8 t2 involvement

A

weakness and atrophy of intrinsic hand muscles

99
Q

initial management if you suspect pancoast tumor

A

chest xray

100
Q

spirometry in obstructive disease

A

low fev1/fvc

101
Q

next step in front of low FEV1/FVC

A

brochodilator challenge

102
Q

increase of FEV 1 in bronchodilator challenge dx

A

asthma

103
Q

no change in FEV 1 inbronchodilator challenge

A

COPD

104
Q

spirometry in restrictive disease

A

normal or high FEV1/FVC

105
Q

next step in normal or high FEV1/fvc in restrictive disease

A

DLCO test

106
Q

quid of peak airway

A

sum of airway resistance plus plateau pressure

107
Q

quid of plateau pressure

A

sum of the elastic pressure and PEEP

108
Q

how to calculate plateau pressure

A

during end inspiratory hold maneuver

109
Q

how to calculate PEEP

A

during end expiratory hold maneuver

110
Q

high peak pressure and high plateau pressure

A

decreased lung compliance

111
Q

procees causing decreased pulmonary compliance(5)

A 
pneumothorax
pulmonary edema
pneumonia
atelectasis
right mainstem intubation
112
Q

high peak pressure with normal plateau pressure(3)

A

bronchospasm
mucus plug
biting ET tube

113
Q

normal plateau pressure

A

< 30

114
Q

fev1 in obstructive lung disease

A

< 80%

115
Q

FEV 1 in restrictive lung diseasae

A

< 80%

116
Q

indication of long term o2 therapy in COPD(3)

A

PAo2 < 55 and SAO2 < 88 %
cor pulmonale with pulmonary hypertension or Hmt > 55%
patient with resting awake PA)2 > 60 mm de hg with sao2 90% if they become hypoxic during exercice or sleep

117
Q

rule to put patient with cor pulmonale on home o2 if copd

A

evidence of pulmonary HTA or hmt> 55% should be started on Home oxygen even if PAo2 is 56-59 mm de hg with SAO2 > 89%

118
Q

causes of exsudate(7)

A 
infections
malignancy
connective tissue disease
inflammatory disorders
movement of fluid from abdomen to pleural space
coronary artery bypass surgery
pulmonary embolism
119
Q

co2 narcosis risk and worsening hypercapnia in patient with high flow o2 supplemental in the setting of acute on chronic respiratory failure(3)

A

reduced alveolar ventilation
increased dead space ventilation causing ventilation perfusion mismatch
decreased hb affinity for co2

120
Q

postpartum omen with pulmonary symptoms and multiple nodules on chest xray

A

choriocarcinoma

121
Q

cardiac cause of hemoptysis

A

mitral stenosis with acute pulmonary edema

122
Q

infectious disease causing hemoptysis(2)

A

TB

Lung abcess

123
Q

vasculopathy causing hemoptysis

A

arterioveinous malformations

124
Q

hematologic disease causing hemoptysis

A

coagulopathy

125
Q

systemic disease causing hemoptysis(4)

A

wegener
goodpasture
SLE
vasculitis

126
Q

gold standard test for cor pulmonale

A

right heart catheterisation

127
Q

finding in right catetherisation on cor pulmonale(3)

A

right ventricular dysfunction
pulmonary HT
no left heart disease

128
Q

right ventricular failure symptoms(6)

A 
Jugular venous distension
increased intensity of P2
right ventricular heave
hepatomegaly
pitting edema
ascites possible
129
Q

complication of severe atrial enlargement in mitral stenosis

A

elevated left main bronchus

130
Q

conditions associated with digital clubbing(4)

A

intrathoracic neoplasms
intrathoracic suppurative disease
lung disease
cardiovascular disease

131
Q

intrathoracic neoplasms associated with digital clubbing(4)

A

bronchogenic carcinoma
metastatics cancer
malignnat mesothelioma
lymphoma

132
Q

intrathoraci suppurative disease associated with digital clubbing(5)

A 
lung abcess
empyema
bronchiectasis
cystic fibrosis
chronic cavitary infections
133
Q

lung disease associated with digital clubbing(3)

A

idiopathic pulmoanry fibrosis
asbestosis
pulmonaary arterio veinous malformation

134
Q

cardiovascular disease associated with digital clubbing

A

cyanotic congenital heart disease

135
Q

dx of digital clubbing

A

angle between nail fold and nail plate >180 o

136
Q

lovibond ‘s angle

A

angle between nail fold and nail plate >180 o

137
Q

symptoms superior vena cava syndrome(3)

A

dyspnea
swelling of the head
swelling of arms adn neck

138
Q

most common cause of SVC

A

malignancy

139
Q

malignancy involved in SVC(2)

A 
lung cancer (small cell lung cancer)
Non hogkin lymphoma
140
Q

other causes of SVC syndrome(2)

A

fibrosisng mediastinitis

thrombosis secondary to indwelling central venous devices

141
Q

best test to in SVC

A

chest x ray

142
Q

most common pulmonary complications in patients with systemic sclerosis

A

intersticial fibrosis

143
Q

restrictive pattern with low DLCO(4)

A

intersticial lung diseases
sarcoidosis
asbestosis
heart failure

144
Q

restrictive pattern with normal DLCO(2)

A

musculoskeletal deformity

neuromuscular disease

145
Q

restrictive pattern with increased DLCO

A

morbid obesity

146
Q

two ways to decrease mortality in COPD(2)

A

smoking cessation

home oxygen therapy

147
Q

external manif of wegener(2)

A

nasal cartilage destruction

vasculitic cutaneous lesions

148
Q

low grade fever dyspnea and chest pain after hemothorax

A

empyema

149
Q

patient with urticaria and respiratory distress dx

A

upper airway obstruction

150
Q

complication of chemo or radiation in Hodgkin lymphoma

A

secondary malignancy

151
Q

sites of secondary malignancy in post radiation and chemo (5)

A 
lung
breast
thyroid
bone 
GI
152
Q

most common malignancy in asbestos

A

bronchogenic carcinoma

153
Q

test helping differentiate asthma from chronic OPD

A

spirometry before and after bronchodilator

First Aid (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions