Pulmonary diseases- Protozoal bronchopneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

Toxoplasmosis מחזור חיים והדבקה

A

Life cycle completed only in the feline GI tract

Cats excrete oocytes for 7-14 days post infection

Tachyzoites represent the rapidly dividing tissue stage

Infection occurs by ingestion (of all stages), lactation and trans-placentally

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2
Q

Toxoplasmosis פתופזיולוגיה

A

Respiratory disease most commonly due to trans-placental or lactational infection
Puppies/kittens

May also occur due to reactivation of dormant cysts following immuno-suppression

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3
Q

Toxoplasmosis - המחלה

A

Disease is acute, rapid and life-threatening

Fever, malaise, anorexia, tachypnea and dyspnea, icterus

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4
Q

Toxoplasmosis CXR

A

Radiographic changes include diffuse interstitial, to nodular, and alveolar patterns
Occasionally pleural effusion

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5
Q

Toxoplasmosis אבחון

A

טכיזואיטים בBAL

סרולוגיה

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6
Q

Toxoplasmosis טיפול ופרוגנוזה

A

Treatment includes clindamycin or TMS

Prognosis is grave with pulmonary toxoplasmosis

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7
Q

Neosporosis מחזור והדבקה

A

Life cycle completed only in the canine GI tract

Only dogs, and not cats, affected by clinical disease
Ingestion of bradyzoites and trans-placental infection

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8
Q

Neosporosis ס”ק

A

Clinical signs most common in young puppies

In congenitally infected puppies, polymyositis and CNS infections, with ascending paralysis and hyperextension are most common
In some dogs, pneumonia, myocarditis, hepatitis, dermatitis

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9
Q

Neosporosis אבחון וטיפול ופרוגנוזה

A

כמו בטוקוסו:
טכיזואיטים בBAL
סרולוגיה
Treatment includes clindamycin or TMS

פרוגנוזה רעה במעורבות CNS

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10
Q

pneumocystis carinii מחזור חיים

A

Taxonomy is uncertain
Protozoal, yeast and fungal characteristics
Saprophyte in respiratory tract

The life cycle involves only the alveoli

כל מחזור החיים רק באלבאולי - ספרופיט במערכת הנשימה
גם טרופוזואיטים וגם הציסטות
נדרשת פרה דיספוזיציה

מועבר באויר

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11
Q

pneumocystis carinii גזעים

A

Cavalier king Charles Spaniels and Miniature Dachshunds are most commonly affected
נראה בהם גם היפוגאמאגלובולינמיה
ותפקוד לימפוציטים לא תקין

Most dogs are young

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12
Q

pneumocystis carinii ס”ק ופתולוגיה קלינית

A

Subacute to chronic course of disease
Exercise intolerance
Weight loss is common
Usually with good appetite יש תיאבון עם ירידה במשקל
Occasionally vomiting and diarrhea
Poor body condition and hair-coat changes
Usually without fever
Cough, abnormal lung sounds, cyanosis, tachypnea and dyspnea

Impaired lymphocyte function
Hypogammaglobulinemia

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13
Q

pneumocystis carinii CXR

A

סימנים משתנים אבל נראים תמיד
לרוב:
Diffuse, symmetric miliary-interstitial, to alveolar infiltrates

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14
Q

pneumocystis carinii אבחון

A

קשה לזיהוי:
זיהוי ישיר בנוזלי ריאה/אספירציה - נדרשת ביעה מיוחדת- גומורי

אבחנה בפיניטיבית דורשת ביופסיה והיסטולוגיה

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15
Q

pneumocystis carinii טיפול

A

TMS for one to several months
יעיל בעיקר בתחילת המחלה

Zoonotic risk mostly when immuno-compromised humans are in contact with clinically ill dogs

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