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POLY SCI 201 > Pt 3: Chapter 9 Notes > Flashcards

Pt 3: Chapter 9 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Any organization that seeks to influence public policy

A

Interest group

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2
Q

How does an interest group differ from a political party?

A

Parties address a broad range of issues

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3
Q

A party is just a larger set of what

A

interest groups

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4
Q

Interest groups correlate ____ to political parties in recent years

A

Strongly

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5
Q

Federalism and separation of powers does what to interest groups?

A

Fuels them

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6
Q

Tocqueville called America what?

A

“A nation of joiners”

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7
Q

Tocqueville wrote what? And in it he said what about Americans with groups?

A

Democracy in America

- Americans are more likely to affiliate with groups than any other nation

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8
Q

What are some problems with pluralism?

A
  • not everyone has groups
  • compromise is unlikey
  • there are alliances to STOP things
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9
Q

In Fed #10, Madison said what about Americans?

A
  • factions are natural to Americans

- we have a great opportunity to join groups, so we do, and we do so to express our value towards liberty

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10
Q

These are examples of what kind of groups?

  • business groups
  • labor groups
  • farm groups
  • professional groups
A

Economic groups

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11
Q

What is an environmental interest group an example of?

A

Citizen group

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12
Q

What kind of interest group is most effective in having their message heard in Washington DC

A

Economic groups

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13
Q

Do the rich and powerful have an advantage in the American political system?

A

YES. Ability to organize and further interests greater

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14
Q

This is what?

  • purposive incentives
  • based on social groupings
  • single- issue groups
  • ideological groups
A

Citizens groups

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15
Q

Economic groups vs. citizens groups:

- who have a greater access to resources?

A

Economic groups

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16
Q

Economic groups are to these kinds of resources as citizens groups are to these kind of resources

A

Economic -> private goods

Citizens -> collective goods

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17
Q

What is the size factor with economic groups vs. citizens groups?

A

Business groups are smaller and more efficient

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18
Q

What is one specific problem with citizens groups shown with NPR?

A

The free rider problem. they get collective benefits even without contributing

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19
Q

Economic groups also have the free rider problem, but to a lesser extent, among who?

A

Teachers, police officers, fire fighters in economic groups. Even if they refuse to join the union, they still get the salary benefits that the unions win

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20
Q

What is the “Revolving door” with inside lobbying?

A

Politicians are voted out of office on one day, the next day they get a way higher private job with lobbying organization (bringing with them a whole hoard of contacts and insider info)

21
Q

What do insider lobbyists supply officials with

A

With information and policy support.

22
Q

What is the key element in acquiring access to officials?

A

Money and the amount contributed

23
Q

What is the goal of outsider lobbying?

A

To become an insider

24
Q

Do governments lobby other governments?

A

Yeah. City of Louisville lobbies state and national government for bridges and stuff

25
Q

These are made up of

  • bureaucrats, lobbyists, legislators
  • small, informal, stable
A

Iron triangles

26
Q

These are made up of:

  • officals, lobbyists, and policy specialists
  • temporary
A

Issue networks

27
Q

Which happen more often, iron triangles or issue networks?

A

Issue networks

28
Q

If there is an Iron triangle of the dept of Agriculture, who are not in the mix?

A

The farmers themselves

29
Q

A group that doesnt have a direct tie with an organization or elected official but can cite large numbers (they can get lawmakers attention if/when they want to)

A

Outside lobbying : grassroots lobbying

30
Q

What is the specialty of the AARP?

A

Constituency advocacy through grassroots lobbying

31
Q

This is when members of the public try to get lawmaker’s attention

A

Grassroots lobbying

32
Q

Outside lobbying make what kind of contributions to candidates?

A

Political action committee (PAC) contributions

33
Q

Most PACs are associated with what

A

business

34
Q

PACS are given much more heavily to incumbents or new-runners?

A

Incumbents

35
Q

Regulates PACs, commissions, elections.

A

FEC

36
Q

PAC contributions are limited to ____$ per candidate for each election cycle

A

$10,000

37
Q

Whats the difference between a connected PAC and non-connected PAC

A

Connected PAC: have to have a formal connection to the organization to be apart of it
Nonconnected PAC: no formal connected needed to contribute to it

38
Q

__% of PACs are part of our system and political process, legitimate interest, purpose, and play by the rules

A

99%

39
Q

Any organization that forms in order to influence public policy

A

PAC

40
Q

What % of PACs are business related?

A

64%

41
Q

Super PACs are also known as what?

A

Independent-expenditure-only-committees (IEOCs)

42
Q

Super PACS came about (the phrase) in what event?

A

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

43
Q

Super PACs are not allowed to do what?

A

Not allowed to contribute/coordinate directly to the party or candidate

44
Q

Super PACs have what funding restrictions?

A

They have unrestricted fundraising and spending, disclosure of donors is not required

45
Q

The contributions of groups to self-government

A

Pluralism

46
Q

What are some flaws in pluralism?

A
  • interest-group liberalism

- not equally representative

47
Q

A Madisonian dilemma:

- a free society must allow pursuit of what?

A

self-interest

48
Q

A Madisonian dilemma:

- checks and balances work to protect rights, but also exaggerate what?

A

the influence of minorities

49
Q

Groups can wield too much influence over what?

A

Individual policies or agencies

POLY SCI 201 (36 decks)

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