Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY1204 > Psychosis and Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Psychosis and Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main features of psychosis?

A
  • loss of awareness of socially perceived reality

- not knowing what’s real, thinking it’s coming from the outside rather than their mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the causes of psychosis?

A
  • schizophrenia
  • drug misuse
  • severe depression
  • neurological injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the main features of schizophrenia?

A
  • delusional beliefs
  • hallucinations
  • withdrawal states
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Definition of delusional beliefs?

A

-belief that can be seen as a misinterpretation of reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition of hallucinations?

A
  • hearing voices tat others don’t hear

- may be quite frightening and usually tend to be negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Definition of withdrawal states?

A
  • avolition

- loss of energy and absence of interest in routine activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Definition of positive symptoms?

A
  • excess cognition

- something that has been added to the person’s life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • hearing voices
  • delusions
  • disorganised speech (jumping from topic to topic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Definition of negative symptoms?

A
  • deficits in behaviours

- something that’s been removed from the person’s life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • avolition (loss of energy)
  • alogia (poverty of speech)
  • anhedonia (inability to feel pressure)
  • flat effect (outward expression)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the different forms that symptoms take in schizophrenia?

A
  • disorganised
  • catatonic
  • paranoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the disorganised symptoms?

A
  • content of speech disordered and bizarre associations

- behaviour disorganised and not congruent with social cues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the catatonic symptoms?

A
  • apathy
  • withdrawal states
  • leading to immobility (though with islands of excitement and agitation)
  • may later recall experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the paranoid symptoms?

A
  • delusions prominent, especially persecutory

- hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the biological factors of schizophrenia?

A
  • genetics
  • biochemistry
  • neurology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the genetic causes of schizophrenia?

A

-may be genetic risk for range of related disorders that share common neuro-chemical underpinnings

17
Q

Gottesmann & Shields (1972)

twin study for genetic cause

A
  • MZ 42% concordance
  • DZ 9% concordance
  • negative symptoms more genetically linked
18
Q

Cardon et al

twin study for genetic cause

A
  • significant genetic correlations between syndromes

- degree of overlap contributing to schizophrenic, schizoaffective, manic syndromes

19
Q

Heston (1966)

adoptee study for genetic cause

A

-greater risk of sz in those with diagnosed schizophrenic birth mothers despite being raised in another family/environment

20
Q

What are the biochemistry causes of schizophrenia?

A
  • chemical imbalances trigger symptoms
  • due to genetic risk,injury,drugs or combination
  • excess dopamine activity
21
Q

What are the neurology causes of schizophrenia?

A
  • excess activity in the substantia nigra
  • decreased activity in prefrontal cortex
  • diminished functional connectivity between above
  • higher connectivity between substantia nigra and striatum the higher level of psychosis
22
Q

What are the psycho-social factors of schizophrenia?

A
  • deprivation
  • family issues
  • long term sources of stress (e.g. racism)
23
Q

How might stressful life events induce schizophrenia?

A
  • bereavement
  • job loss
  • ending relationship/divorce
  • significant transitions
24
Q

How does being in a low socio-economic group increase likelihood of schizophrenia?

A
  • poor housing, low income
  • overcrowding or homelessness
  • environmental hazards
  • stresses, uncertainty
  • lack of opportunities
  • less control over decisions
25
Q

How might family issues lead to schizophrenia?

A
  • expression of emotions and how it’s perceived by others, critical comments
  • family environment
26
Q

How might racism lead to schizophrenia?

A
  • higher rates of schizophrenia
  • confirmed diagnoses,not just incorrect diagnoses
  • long term source of stress for them
27
Q

Factors of the bio-psycho-social condition that influence development of schizophrenia?

A
  • genetic risk
  • risk of viral infection
  • risk to development of brain (e.g. drugs)
  • risk from social disadvantage
  • risk of being in particular family environment
  • particular social stresses
28
Q

How does family therapy treat it?

A
  • aimed at preventing relapses
  • educative
  • tries to change patterns from conformative to collaborative and constructive
  • reduced stress leads to reduced relapses
29
Q

Falloon et al (1982)

family therapy study

A
  • 18 in each condition
  • 2 in family therapy relapsed
  • 9 of the control relapsed
30
Q

Cognitive therapy as a treatment for schizophrenia?

A
  • self-monitoring for use of medication
  • investigate content of beliefs and sources of voices
  • check evidence for the beliefs
  • manage/answer the voices
31
Q

Romme et al (1993)

continuum of ‘experience’ of symptoms

A
  • 700 responded to TV programme
  • 400 had voices, 350 difficult to cope, 100 coped well
  • differences between groups (positive voices, less commanding, set more limits and listened selectively (e.g. sit down for a set time to pay attention), communicate about voices with other)

PSY1204 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions