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NBB 2 > Psychosis > Flashcards

Psychosis Flashcards

1
Q

Features characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and formal thought disorder

A

Psychotic features

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2
Q

Mental disorder in which a person is sufficiently impaired to grossly interfere with his or her capacity to deal with reality

A

Psychosis

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3
Q

Has classical characteristics of impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions

A

Psychosis

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4
Q

Occurs in both the auditory and visual domains, mainly in the context of impaired vision or hearing

A

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

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5
Q

Considered to be a sensory release phenomenon

A

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

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6
Q

A perception arising in the absence of an external stimulus

A

Hallucinations

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7
Q

A perception that is a misrepresentation or misinterpretation of an external stimulus

A

Illusions

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8
Q

Localized brainstem regions can cause hallucinations called

A

Peduncular hallucinations

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9
Q

Mostly univocal and perceived as external, not imagined

A

Hallucinations

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10
Q

What are the three main areas of the brain involved in hallucinations?

A

Primary/secondary sensory cortices, memory and language centers, and regulatory centers

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11
Q

Simple hallucinations seem to occur exclusively with abnormalities of the

A

Primary and associative cortices

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12
Q

Seem to involve further processing from the Thalamus and Upper brainstem

A

Complex hallucinations

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13
Q

Awareness of the reality of hallucinations and illusions seems to be related to

A

Prefrontal functioning

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14
Q

The presence of one or more delusions with a duration of 1 month or longer without markedly impaired function or noticeably odd behavior

A

Delusional disorder

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15
Q

Fixed beliefs not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence

A

Delusion

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16
Q

When you have a dilution based on multiple things at once

A

Polythematic

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17
Q

Thinking a celebrity is in love with you or you are in love with them

A

Erotomania

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18
Q

An example of delusions of misidentification

A

Capgras syndrome

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19
Q

Believing that everyone you see is actually someone else in disguise

A

Fregoli syndrome

20
Q

Patients are found to have decreased autonomic response to familiar faces compared to control

A

Capers syndrome

21
Q

Capgras patients do however recognize faces when

A

Shown in pictures

22
Q

Making a decision early, with little evidence

A

Jumping to conclusions

23
Q

Lesions related to delusions are typically

A

Right frontal

24
Q

A popular candidate for area specific to delusions

A

Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

25
Q

Has been shown to be attenuated by dopamine receptor blockers

A

Jumping to conclusions

26
Q

Has been associated with pre-frontal functioning, especially the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

A

Psychosis

27
Q

Equal prevalence across genders, but tends to present earlier in men compared to women

A

Schizophrenia

28
Q

Symptoms last greater than 6 months

A

Schizophrenia

29
Q

Only delusions, must have for more than one month

A

Delusional disorder

30
Q

Symptoms lasting only 1-6 months

A

Schizophreniform

31
Q

Symptoms from 1 day to 1 month, usually stress related

A

Brief psychotic reaction

32
Q

Meets criteria for schizophrenia at baseline. However, a mood disorder is a prominent comorbid presenting feature

A

Schizoaffective Disorder

33
Q

Psychotic symptoms are ONLY present in the context of mood abnormalities and NOT present when mood is normal

A

Mood disorder (I.e. major depression or bipolar)

34
Q

A common CT finding in schizophrenia is

A

Enlarged Ventricles

35
Q

Several areas of gray matter thinning and decreased “connectivity” have been seen in more advanced MRI with

A

Schizophrenia

36
Q

The areas of decreased connectivity in schizophrenia are in the

A

Frontal and temporal lobes

37
Q

The initial theory on schizophrenia was that it was caused by elevated

A

Dopamine

38
Q

Abnormalities in normal synaptic pruning in adolescence leads to

A

Schizophrenia

39
Q

Abnormal synaptic pruning may explain why schizophrenia is associated with

A

C4 complement gene

40
Q

There is also evidence of decrease in the “helper” glial cells surrounding the neurons in

A

Schizophrenia

41
Q

Mainly treats hallucinations and delusions

-Less consistent for symptoms of disorganization of negative symptoms

A

Dopamine Receptor Blocking Agents (DRBAs)

42
Q

First generation “high potency” DRBAs were predominantly

A

Dopamine receptor antagonists

43
Q

First generation “low potency” DRBAs were dopamine antagonists, but also strongly

A

Anticholinergic

44
Q

Dopamine receptor antagonists with serotonin activity

A

Second generation DRBA’s

45
Q

Partial dopamine agonists with serotonin activity

A

Third generation DRBA’s

NBB 2 (21 decks)

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