Neurodeveleptmental Disorders Flashcards
Low intelligence and need special help to cope with life in conceptual, social, and practical domains
Intellectual Disability
Impaired social interactions and communication and stereotyped interests and behaviors from early life
Autism spectrum disorders
Delay using spoken and written language notable for small vocabulary, sentences grammatically incorrect, and trouble in understanding sentences and words
Language disorder
Have adequate vocabulary and ability to create sentences but unable to use language practically
-Conversations and writings tend to be inappropriate
Social (pragmatic) communication disorder
Problems with reading, written expression, and mathematics beyond expected for age
Specific Learning Disorder
Repeated rocking, head banging, skin or body orifice picking, or biting self that is stereotyped
Stereotypic movement disorder
Tics for less than 1 years
Provisional tic disorder
Various forms of persistent negative behaviors
-Duration from onset is important
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
Persistently violates rules and rights of others
-Duration from onset is important
Conduct Disorder (CD)
Persistently negative, irritable mood between temper outbursts
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Worry about many different things, feel tense or anxious much of the time, and frequently irritable
-Only needs to met ONE criteria
Generalized anxiety disorder
Repeated passing of feces into clothing and elsewhere after age 4
Encopresis
Repeated voiding of urine into clothing or bed after age 5
Enuresis
Show deficits in intellectual functioning and inability to meet standards for social responsibility and independent learning
Intellectual Disability disorder
Which domain of intellectual disability shows no difference in preschool, but deficiencies in school age children and adults
Conceptual domain (mild IDD)
Have a more concrete approach to problem solving
Conceptual IDD
Concrete/immature communication, conversation, and language
-Very gullible
Social domain of mild IDD
Will need support with Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
Practical domain of mild IDD
Children with mild IDD can usually achieve academically to the
6th grade
Children with moderate IDD have a ceiling at
2nd grade level
Most common chromosomal etiology for ID
-Developmental delays, mild-moderate ID
Intellectual Disability
2nd most common MR chromosomal abnormality
-Connective tissue dysphasia, gaze aversion, and macroorchidism
Fragile X Syndrome
All begin during the early developmental period
Communication Disorders
Persistent difficulties in the social use of language
-Unable to use communication for social purposes in a manner to appropriately fit the social context
Social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder
May not be noted until later in age when the demands exceed the ability for social communication
Social (pragmatic) communication disorder
Characterized by BOTH:
- ) Deficits in social communication and social interaction
- ) Restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (RRBs)
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Impairment in reading, written expression, mathematics
-Standardized tests demonstrate lower than average functioning
Specific Learning Disorder
Impairment in acquisition and execution of coordinated motor skills that interferes with ADLs
Developmental Coordination Disorder
Characterized by “clumsiness” or dyspraxia
Developmental Coordination Disorder
Persistent Pattern of Inattention and hyperactivity-impulsiveness
ADHD
Often makes careless mistakes, fails to finish things, and loses things necessary for tasks
ADHD
Basal Ganglia development is delayed in
ADHD
Characterized by progressive, atypical contraction of the ventral striata surfaces localized to reward processing regions
ADHD
We also see non-progressive, fixed contraction of dorsal striata surfaces localized to executive function and motor planning
ADHD
The Conners scale, Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV, and Vanderbilt scales are screening tools for
ADHD
What are 3 medical disorders that present with ADHD symptoms?
Sleep Apnea, Thyroid disorders, and Elevated lead levels
Characterized by recurrent verbal (rages) and/or behavioral (physical aggression) temper outbursts
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Persistently appears irritable or angry mood between outbursts most of most days
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
The diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is only first made between ages
6-18
Has not even a single day where they meet the criteria for mania/hypomania
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
In children and teens, irritability =
Depression
Depression (or irritability for one year in kids) and 2 criteria symptoms from the CHASES scale
Persistent Depressive Disorder
