Anti-Depressants

Question 1

Blocks VMAT which impairs monoamine transmission and INDUCES depression

Answer 1

Reserpine

Question 2

Says that the depressed mood results from decreased monoamine transmission

Answer 2

The Monoamine hypothesis

Question 3

Serotonins and central adrenergic neurotransmission modulate

Answer 3

Mood

Question 4

Depression represents a decreased availability of either

Answer 4

5-HT or NE or both

Question 5

Which three classes of antidepressant function to block the re-uptake of neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

SSRI’s, SNRI’s, and TCA’s

Question 6

Which class of antidepressants blocks the breakdown of neurotransmitters?

Answer 6

MAOI’s

Question 7

Inhibit 5-HT reuptake selectively as compaired to NE

Answer 7

SSRI’s

Question 8

Relatively selective for 5-HT transporter, thus Sid effects are limited to effects on 5-HT mediated responses

Answer 8

SSRIs

Question 9

Venlafaxine and duloxetine are the two major

Answer 9

SNRIs

Question 10

Inhibit reuptake transporters for BOTH 5-HT and NE

Answer 10

SNRIs

Question 11

Inhibit reuptake transporters for BOTH NE and 5-HT like SNRIs but also tend to react with a variety of other receptors

-Broad range of side effects

Answer 11

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

Question 12

Phenelzine and tranylcypromine are the major

Answer 12

MAO Inhibitors (MAOI)

Question 13

Used to treat major depression that is unresponsive to other drugs

Answer 13

MAOI’s

Question 14

Combines irreversibly with MAO to provide long-lasting MAO inhibition

Answer 14

Phenelzine

Question 15

Does not bind MAO irreversibly, but still has prolonged effect

Answer 15

Transcypromine

Question 16

Can cause hypertensive reactions in response to indirectly acting sympathomimetics

Answer 16

MAOIs

Question 17

Nefazodone and trazodone are the two major

Answer 17

5-HT2 antagonists

Question 18

A prodrug that is converted to a 5-HT2 antagonist

Answer 18

Trazodone

Question 19

Carries a black box warning due to hepatotoxicity

Answer 19

Nefazodone

Question 20

Can cause sedation and alpha-block (resulting in orthostatic hypotension)

Answer 20

5-HT2 antagonists

Question 21

Bupropion and mirtazapine are the two

Answer 21

Heterocyclics

Question 22

Used to treat major depression, smoking cessation, and as a sedative

Answer 22

Heterocyclics

Question 23

Bupropion is used to help with

Answer 23

Smoking cessation

Question 24

Mirtazepine is used as a

Answer 24

Sedative

Question 25

Enhances both NE and DA neurotransmission

Answer 25

Bupropion

Question 26

Antagonist at 5-HT2a/2c and 5-HT3 receptors

Answer 26

Mirtazapine

Question 27

Antagonist of presynaptic alpha-2 autoreceptor -Enhances release of NE and 5-HT

Answer 27

Heterocyclics

Question 28

Most have rapid oral absorption and reach peak plasma concentration in 2-3 hours

Answer 28

Antidepressant agents

Question 29

Are tightly bound to plasma proteins

Answer 29

Antidepressants

Question 30

The metabolite of fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, has a long half-life, on the order of

Answer 30

7-9 days

Question 31

Venlafaxine is extensively metabolized via

Answer 31

CYP 2D6

Question 32

Parole time and fluoxetine are potent inhibitors of

Answer 32

CYP 2d6

Question 33

Fluvoxamine is an inhibitor of

Answer 33

CYP 3A4

Question 34

Antidepressants with sedative effects are additive with other sedatives, particularly

Answer 34

Alcohol and BZs

Question 35

Sensitize patients to indirect synmpathomimetics like tyramine and to sympathomimetics such as ephedrine

Answer 35

MAOIs

Question 36

Overdose is extremely dangerous and are prescribed on “no refill” basis -Small quantities

Answer 36

TCAs

Question 37

Intoxication is rare -Requires supportive treatment

Answer 37

MAOIs

Question 38

Used to treat bipolar disorder

Answer 38

Lithium

Question 39

Drugs that increase catecholamine activity exacerbate

Answer 39

Mania

Question 40

Drugs that reduce NE or DA activity tend to reduce

Answer 40

Mania

Question 41

Must be used carefully in bipolar patients to avoid induction of mania

Answer 41

Antidepressants

Question 42

Distributed in total body water and has slow entry to intracellular compartments -Completely absorbed in 6-8 hours

Answer 42

Lithium

Question 43

Diuretics decrease renal clearance of Lithium by

Answer 43

25%

Question 44

Can decrease clearance by increasing Li+ reabsorption in proximal tubules

Answer 44

Some NSAIDs

Question 45

Common at therapeutic doses of lithium -Controlled with propranolol or atenolol

Answer 45

Tremor

Question 46

Reversible decreases thyroid function -Also causes reversible polydipsia and polyuria

Answer 46

Lithium

Question 47

Contraindicated in patients with severe dehydration or sodium depletion

Answer 47

Lithium