Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology-1060 > Psychology Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Psychology Chapter 7 Flashcards

midterm 2

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

thinking

A

taking info, and making judgements, decisions, representing & reasoning the info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Imagery

A

representation of sensory experience in our mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Concept

A

used to group qualities that have common properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

understanding

A

mental representation in a meaningful way, part of problem-solving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 parts of problem-solving?

A

1) understanding
2) corresponding to elements in the world
3) background knowledge we can apply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

algorithm

A

mathematical problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

heuristic.

A

a shortcut, that helps us solve a problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

analogy

A

reference to a previous problem to solve a new problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

expertise

A

more efficient problem solvers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mental set

A

the tendency to use a previously successful problem-solving approach, to solve a new similar problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Insight

A

perception of relational elements that help solve the problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Inoculation

A

standing back from a problem and letting it work itself out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functional fixedness

A

viewing an object’s function in a preconceived way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Representative heuristic

A

judgments about a sample population based on limited info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Availability heuristic

A

estimate of the frequency of an event by how easy it is to find examples of the event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anchoring & adjustment heuristic

A

presumption as a cognitive anchor for subsequent information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

framing effect

A

the wording that information is presented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

overconfidence

A

overconfident even if decisions are wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Intelligence

A

ability to understand the world and cope with challenges

20
Q

factor theories

A

states there are 8 primary mental abilities, intelligence is based on general intelligence and specific abilities

21
Q

8 types of factor theories

A

1) visual & spatial abilities
2) perceptual speed
3) numerical ability
4) verbal meaning
5) memory
6) word fluency
7) deductive reasoning
8) inductive reasoning

22
Q

3 dimensions to intelligence?

A

1) mental operations
2) context
3) products

23
Q

mental operations

A

thinking,memory, & evaluation

24
Q

context

A

what’s being thought or evaluated

25
Q

products

A

outcomes of mental operations

26
Q

theory of multiple intelligence

A

based on talents and abilities, language, math, body-kinesthetic, musical, spatial-relations, interpersonal skills, intrapersonal skills, naturalist intelligence, existential knowledge

27
Q

triarchic theory of intelligence

A

1) analytical intelligence- academic ability
2) creative intelligence- generate solutions to problems, & ability to cope
3) practical intelligence- street smarts

28
Q

Stanford-Biret intelligence model

A

measures IQ- divide mental age by chronological age

29
Q

Wechsler Scales

A

separates subtests as a well overall score for intellectual functioning, by testing verbal & performance tasks

30
Q

group tests

A

intelligence tests administered to large groups of people at a time like schools & military

31
Q

gender differences in intelligence tests

A

girls: score higher in verbal ability
boys: score higher in visual ability & math tests

32
Q

flynn effect

A

higher IQ between 1947 & 2002

33
Q

convergent theory

A

the thought process that narrows in on single best solutions to a problem

34
Q

divergent thinking

A

creative thinking, the process attempts to generate multiple solutions to problems

35
Q

Language

A

communication involving symbols & rules governing their use

36
Q

semanticity

A

sounds & signs of a language that the meaning

37
Q

infinite creativity

A

ability to create rather than imitate sentences

38
Q

displacement

A

ability to communicate about objects and event in another time/place

39
Q

Linguistic-relativity hypothesis

A

speakers of different languages see the world differently

40
Q

phonemes

A

the smallest unit of sound in a language

41
Q

morphemes

A

the smallest unit of meaning in spoken language

42
Q

syntax

A

the arrangment & organization of words to form sentences

43
Q

semantics

A

meanings associated with a sentence

44
Q

pragmatics

A

how we use language to convey social meaning

45
Q

learning theory in language

A

language is learned through imitation & reinforcement, parents serve as models

46
Q

nativist approach

A

language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental and inborn factors

47
Q

bilingualism

A

cognitive/social, & occupational benefits from learning a second language

Psychology-1060 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions