Psychology Chapter 1 Flashcards
study for midterm
What does psychology study?
behaviour and mental processes
goals of psychology
describe, explain, predict, control behaviour & mental processes
Whats critical thinking in psychology?
analyzing questions, statements & arguments
principles of critical thinking
skepticism, evidence-based info, caution on conclusions, assumptions upon arguments, interpretations of evidence, not oversimplifying & overgeneralizing
All the types of psychologists
Clinical, counselling, educational, developmental, personality, social , enviromental, experimental, industrial, organizational, cognitive, health, sports, forensic
which yeat did psychology emerge
1879
whats structuralism psychology
the breakdown of human experience into components, sensations, feelings, & images
who founded structuralism psychology
Wilhelm Wundt
whats functionalism psychology
psychological traits that undergo natural selection similar to physical traits
who founded functionalism psychology
William James
whats behaviourism psychology?
study of observable behaviour
who founded behaviourism psychology?
John Watson
Whats gestalt psychology?
organize perceptual input into wholes & patterns, insight = problem solving
who founded Gestalt psychology?
Max Wentheimen, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler
Whats psychoanalysis psychology?
importance of unconscious and early childhood experiences, through interventions, to analyze motives and drives
who founded psychoanalysis psychology?
Sigmund Freud
who are the Women influencers in psychology?
Mary Calkins, Margaret Washburn, Karen Horney, Mary Ainsworth, Sandra Bem
whats the evolutionary perspective in psychology?
adaptive physical traits are passed on through generations
who founded the evolutionary perspective in psychology?
Charles Darwin
What’s the biological perspective in psychology?
the study of the brain and nervous system, for understanding the physical process of behaviour & mental processes
What’s the cognitive perspective in psychology?
the study of mental processes, by investigating thinking/ memory/ perception/ problem solving/ and language
What’s the existential perspective in psychology?
focus on cognitive awareness & subjective experiences, through self-awareness, fulfillment, & growth
What’s the psychodynamic perspective in psychology?
focus on people’s capacity for conscious choice & individual direction
What’s the learning perspective in psychology?
environmental influences & the learning of habits through repetition & reinforcement, by people modifying and creating their own environment
