Psychology C2 - treatment and managements

Question 1

three types of counselling

Answer 1

1. therapeutic relationship
2. emotional support
3. relapse prevention plan

Question 2

1. therapeutic relationship

Answer 2

-create an open, warm and honest relationship, so clients develop trust in counsellor
-relationship = alliance - counsellor and client on same wavelength
-work together
-client should feel safe discussing sensitive matters

Question 3

2. emotional support

Answer 3

-encourage clients to talk about their emotions
-has to be recover-focused or coping-focused goal
-counsellor actively listens to client without judgement, not tell client what to do
-aim = help client find own solutions
-client talks about deep thoughts and feelings

Question 4

3. relapse prevention plan

Answer 4

-key part = give client space to discuss previous relapses and warning signs
-client and counsellor work out a plan for when client relapses, get back on recovery path quickly

Question 5

practical uses
(evaluation)
+

Answer 5

-it can be used to help a wide range of clients
-mainly due to counselling’s flexibility
-more to counselling than talking, is flexible enough to incorporate other treatments (CBT)
-conducted with individual clients, groups and families
-clients’ needs = centre of counselling
-suggests clients are more likely to actively engage with counselling and stick with it

Question 6

lack of effectiveness
(evaluation)
-

Answer 6

-lack of evidence to support its effectiveness
-unique benefit = the non-judgemental client-counsellor relationship
-hard to measure the effectiveness of this relationship, evidence = lacking
-there is little evidence that counselling is any better than other interventions in helping clients recover from addiction

Question 7

GSH basics – self-help

Answer 7

-client becomes their own therapist, learns CBT-related techniques and strategies
-applied in everyday lives, help cope with stress
-source of ‘help’ = materials
-GSH is rarely used for addiction, usually is in a combination with another treatment

Question 8

GSH basics – guided

Answer 8

-client is supported by a mental health professional
-professional guides rather than directs or instructs - client = an active part in their therapy

Question 9

practical steps in GSH – materials

Answer 9

-self-help materials form a structured programme (in print or online)
-materials provide information and advice about CBT techniques, also include activities for the client to practise and apply techniques
-client works through materials at their own pace

Question 10

practical steps in GSH – guided sessions

Answer 10

-client = assisted by occasional contact with a Psychological Wellbeing Practitioner, contact varies
-standard ‘session’ = on the phone, online, via text, face-to-face or a group session
-can last 30 mins, programmed could last up to six sessions
-guided session includes - reviewing ‘homework’ tasks, setting goals, discussing CBT techniques, setting new homework tasks

Question 11

evidence for effectiveness
(evaluation)
+

Answer 11

-research studies show that GSH = effective
-one study, researchers randomly placed pps into a GSH intervention group or a control group
-end of 8 week programme, pps’ stress levels had reduced
-stress in control group also reduced, not as much (Williams et al. 2018)
-difference = maintained for 6 months
-there is evidence that GSH can be effective in reducing stress in the medium term

Question 12

limited effectiveness
(evaluation)
-

Answer 12

-not all form of guided self-help are equally effective or useful
-due to flexibility of GSH working against it
-can be so flexible it ‘blurs the boundaries’ with other forms of therapy
-in some forms of GSH, it could be face-to-face contact with a therapist that is effective rather than the materials