Psychology

Question 1

Learning in which a natural response is elicited by a conditioned, or learned stimulus that previously was presented in conjunction with an unconditioned stimulus

Answer 1

Classical Conditioning

Question 2

Conditioning that deals with involuntary responses

Answer 2

Classical Conditioning

Question 3

Learning in which a particular action is elicited because it produces a punishment or reward. Deals with voluntary responses

Answer 3

Operant Conditioning

Question 4

Desired reward poduces action (mouse presses button to get food)

Answer 4

Positive Reinforcement

Question 5

Target behavior (response) is followed by removal of aversive stimulus (mouse presses button to turn off continuous loud noise)

Answer 5

Negative Reinforcement

Question 6

Punishment

Answer 6

Lecom, just kidding, Repeated application of aversive stimulus extinguishes unwanted behavior

Question 7

Discontinuation of reinforcement (positive or negative) eventually eliminates behavior. Can occur in operant or classical conditioning.

Answer 7

Extinction

Question 8

Patient projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto physician. Ex. psychiatrist is seen as parent

Answer 8

Transference

Question 9

Doctor projects feelings about formative or other important persons onto patient. Ex. patient reminds physician of younger siblings

Answer 9

Countertransference

Question 10

Unconscious mental processes used to resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings

Answer 10

Ego defenses

Question 11

Expressing unacceptable feelings and thoughts through actions, Ex. Tantrums

Answer 11

Acting Out

Question 12

Temporary, drastic change in personaility, memory, consciousness, or motor behavior to avoid emotional stress, Ex. extreme forms can result is dissociative identitiy disorder

Answer 12

Dissociation

Question 13

Avoiding the awareness of some painful reality

Answer 13

Denial

Question 14

Transferring acoided ideas and feelings to some neutral person or object; Ex mother yells at her child because her husband yelled at her

Answer 14

Displacement

Question 15

Partially remaining at a more childish level of development like; Ex. men intensely watching sport games

Answer 15

Fixation

Question 16

Modeling behavior after another person who is more powerful; Ex. abused child identifies with an abuser

Answer 16

Identification

Question 17

Separating feelings from ideas and events; Ex. describing murder in graphic detail with no emotional response

Answer 17

Isolation

Question 18

Attributing an unacceptable internal impulse to an external source; Ex. a man who wants another woman thinks his wife is cheating on him

Answer 18

Projection

Question 19

Proclaiming logical reasons for actions actually performed for other reasons, usually to avoid self-blame; Ex. after getting fired, claiming that the job was not important anyway

Answer 19

Rationalization

Question 20

Replacing a warded-off idea or feeling by an unconsciously derived emphasis on its opposite; Ex. Patient with sex throught enters a monastary

Answer 20

Reaction Formation

Question 21

Turning back the maturation clock and going back to earlier modes of dealing with the world; a previously toilet trained kid when hospitalized

Answer 21

Regression

Question 22

Involuntary withholding an idea or feeling from conscious awareness; Ex. not remembering a conflict or traumatic experience

Answer 22

Repression

Question 23

Believing that people are either all god or all bad at different times due to intolerance of ambiguity. Ex. All nurses are mean and cold, doctors are warm and friendly

Answer 23

Splitting

Question 24

Mature defenses

Answer 24

Altruism, humor, sublimation and suppression

Question 25

Alleviating guilty feelings by unsolicited generosity toward others

Answer 25

Altruism

Question 26

Appreciating the amusing nature of an anxiety-provoking or adverse situation; Ex. nervous medical student jokes about the boards

Answer 26

Humor

Question 27

Replacing an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with one’s value system; Ex. teenager’s aggression toward his father is redirected to perform well in sports

Answer 27

Sublimation

Question 28

Intentional withholding of an idea or feeling from conscious awareness; Ex. Choosing to not to worry about test grades until they come out

Answer 28

Suppression