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First Aid Psychiatry > Pathology 4 > Flashcards

Pathology 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Excessive dieting +/- purging, intense fear of gaining weight, body image distortion and increase exercise BMI <17kg/m

A

Anorexia nervosa

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2
Q

Severe weight loss, metatarsal stress fractures, amenorrhea, lanugo (fine body hair), anemia, and electrolyte disturbances.

A

Anorexia nervosa

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3
Q

binge eating +/- purging. Body weight usualy normal range

A

Bulemia nervosa

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4
Q

Ways to purge

A

Vomiting, laxative, diuretics or emetics

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5
Q

Parotitis, enamel erosion, electrolyte disturbances, alkalosis, dorsal hand calluses

A

Bulimia nervosa

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6
Q

Russell sign

A

Bulimia nervosa (callus on back of hands from inducing vomiting)

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7
Q

Strong, persistent cross-gender identification, persistent discomfort with one’s sex assigned birth

A

gender dysphoria

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8
Q

Desire to live as opposite sex, often through Sx or hormone tx

A

TransSEXualism

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9
Q

Paraphilia, not gender dysphoria, Wears clothes of opposite gender

A

TransVESTism (vest like clothing)

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10
Q

Screaming in the middle of the night during slow-wave sleep

A

Sleep terror disorder

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11
Q

excessive daytime sleepiness caused by decreased orexin production in lateral hypothalamus

A

Narcolepsy

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12
Q

hypnagogic

A

Hallucination just before falling asleep, associated with narcolepsy

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13
Q

Hypnopompic

A

Hallucinations just before waking, associated with narcolepsy

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14
Q

Cataplexy

A

loss of all muscle tone following a strong emotional stimulus like laughter

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15
Q

tx of narcolepsy

A

daytime stimulants like amphetamines, modafinil;

night time sodium oxybate (GHB)

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16
Q

Stages of change in overcoming substance addiction

A

Precontemplation (not acknowledging problem)
Contemplation (acknowledge problem)
Prep/Determination (getting ready to change behavior)
Action/willpower (changing behavior)
Maintenance (maintaining behavior change)
Relapse

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17
Q

Withdrawal symptoms from depressants

A

anxiety, tremor, seizures, insomnia

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18
Q

List of Depressants

A

Alcohol, Opioids, Barbituates, Benzodiazepines

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19
Q

Sensitive indicator of alcohol use

A

serum GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase

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20
Q

Causes euphoria, respiratory and CNS depression, pinpoint pupils

A

Opioids

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21
Q

Overdose of Opioids

A

Seizures

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22
Q

Tx of Opioid OD

A

Naloxone and Naltrexone

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23
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Opioids

A

Sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection (cold turkey), fever, rhinorrhea, yawning, stomach cramps, nausea, dairrhea

24
Q

Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal

A

Long-term support, methadone, buprenorphine

25
Q

Withdrawal of Barbituates

A

Delirium, life-threatening CV collapse

26
Q

Barbituates vs Benzodiazepines, which has greater safety of margin

A

Benzodiazepines

27
Q

tx of Benzodiazepine toxicity

A

Flumazenil

28
Q

Withdrawal of Benzodiazepines

A

Sleep disturbannce, depression, rebound anxiety, seizure

29
Q

Withdrawal of stimulant

A

crash, depression, lethargy, weight gain, HA

30
Q

List of Stimulants

A

Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine

31
Q

Euphoria, grandiosity, pupillary DILATION, prolonged wakefullness and attention, HTN, tachycardia, anorexia, paranoia, fever

A

Amphetamine

32
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of amphetamines

A

anhedonia, increased appetite, hypersomnolence, existential crisis

33
Q

impaired judgement, pupillary dilation, hallucinations (tactile), paranoid ideations, angina, cardiac death

A

Cocaine

34
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of cocaine

A

Hypersomnelence, malaise, psychological craving, depression/suicide

35
Q

Caffeine withdrawal

A

Lack of concentration, HA

36
Q

Tx of Cocaine withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

37
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of Nicotine

A

irritability, anxiety, craving

38
Q

Tx of Nicotine

A

Nicotine patch, gum, lozenge, buproprion/varenicline

39
Q

Belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, analgesia, vertical and horizontal nystagmus

A

PCP intoxication

40
Q

Homocidiality, delirium and seizures

A

PCP intoxication

41
Q

PCP withdrawal

A

depression, anxiety, irritability, restlessness, anergia, disturbances of thought and sleep

42
Q

Perceptual distortion, depersonalization, anxiety, paranoia, psychosis, possible flashbacks

A

LSD intoxication

43
Q

euphoria, anxiety, paranoid delusions, perceptino of slowed time, impaired judgement, social withdrawal, increased appetite, dry mouth, conjunctival injection, hallucinations

A

Marijauna (cannabinoid)

44
Q

Tetrahydrocannabinol isomer

A

Dronabinol, an antiemetic and appetite stimulant

45
Q

Marijuana Withdrawal

A

Irritability, depression, insomnia, nausea, anorexia (peak within 48hrs and last 5-6days)
detectable in urine for 4-10days

46
Q

Users at increased risk for hepatitis, abscesses, overdose, hemorrhoids, AIDS, and right-sided endocarditis. Look for track marks

A

Heroin

47
Q

Long-lasting oral opiate used for heroin detoxification or LT maintenance

A

Methadone

48
Q

Partial agonist; long acting with fewer withdrawal symptoms than methadone.

A

Naloxone + buprenorphine

49
Q

Long-acting opioid antagonist used for relapse prevention oce detoxified from heroin

A

Naltrexone

50
Q

Disulfram

A

used to condition a patient from drinking alcohol, increases hangover symptoms

51
Q

Confusion, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia

A

Wernicke encephalopathy

52
Q

irreversible memory loss, confabulation, personality change

A

Korsakoff psychosis

53
Q

Associated with paraventricular hemorrhagenecrosis of mamillary bodies

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

54
Q

Longitudinal partial thickness tear at GE jx caused by excessive vomiting

A

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

55
Q

Life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-5days after last drink.

A

Delirium Tremens

56
Q

Symptoms of Delirium Tremens

A

tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures, hallucinations, delusions, confusion

57
Q

tx of Delirium tremens

A

Benzodiazepines

First Aid Psychiatry (12 decks)

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