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psychodynamic approach Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the oedipus complex?

A

emotions in which are aroused in a young child by an unconscious sexual desire to be with the parent of opposite sex.

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2
Q

evidence for the oedipus complex?

A

Little Hans (1909) where he interepreted Hans’ phobia of horses as a symbolic meaning towards his father due to their large penises

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3
Q

what is the psychodynamic approach?

A

a perspective by Freud which describes the different forces, most of which are unconscious that operate on the mind and direct human behaviour and experience

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4
Q

what is the unconscious?

A

the part of the mind that we are unaware of but which continues to direct much of our behaviour

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5
Q

what is the Id?

A

the id is an unconscious, selfish aggressive instincts that demand immediate gratification

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6
Q

what is the ego?

A

the reality check that balances the conflicting demands of the Id and the superego

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7
Q

what is the superego?

A

the moralistic part of our personality which represents the ideal self or how we ought to be.

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8
Q

what is a defence mechanism?

A

unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between the id and the superego

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9
Q

what are the psychosexual stages?

A

five developmental stages that all children pass through where each stage the child has to deal with a different conflict which the outcome will determine their future development

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10
Q

what does the unconscious obtain according to Sigmund freud?

A

disturbing and traumatic experiences, desires, fears, memories, biological instincts and drives which have a massive role on our behaviour and personality

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11
Q

which part of the personality operates on the reality principle?

A

the ego

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12
Q

which part of the personality operates on the morality principle?

A

the superego

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13
Q

which part of the personality operates non the pleasure principle?

A

the Id

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14
Q

which of the 3 structures of the personality uses defence mechanisms and how

A

the ego which is the mediator between the id and superego to reduce conflict

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15
Q

what is the order of the psychosexual stages?

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

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16
Q

at what age does the latency stage occur?

A

6 to 12

17
Q

at what age does the oral phase occur?

A

0 to 1

18
Q

at what age does the phallic stage occur?

A

3 to 6

19
Q

at what age does the genital phase occur?

A

12 and above

20
Q

at what age does the anal phase occur?

A

1 to 3

21
Q

what is the focus of libido at the oral stage?

A

mouth, tongue, lips

22
Q

what is the focus of libido at the anal stage?

A

anus

23
Q

what is the focus of libido at the phallic stage?

A

genitals

24
Q

what is the focus of libido at the latency stage?

A

none

25
Q

what is the focus of libido at the genital stage?

A

genitals

26
Q

what are the 3 stages of defence mechanisms?

A

denial, displacement, repression

27
Q

what is denial?

A

not acknowledging that there is a problem

28
Q

what is displacement?

A

showing emotion towards something or someone completely unrelated to what actually caused the emotion

29
Q

what is repression?

A

suppressing a memory until it disappears into the subconscious

30
Q

one strength of the psychodynamic approach?

A

one strength is that they focussed on the effects that childhood experiences have on the developing personality which is a strength as Freud was the first psychologist to realise the importance of childhood.

31
Q

another strength of the psychodynamic approach?

A

it takes both nature and nurture into account which is a strength as it emphasises the importance of both

32
Q

one weakness of the psychodynamic approach?

A

this approach is unfalsifiable as the unconscious mind can not be observed or quantified also meaning that it is not empirical

33
Q

another weakness of the psychodynamic approach?

A

Another weakness of this approach is that it advocated psychic determinism and suggests that nothing is down to free will but rather our own unconscious forces

34
Q

evaluation?

A

there may not be an adequate explanation for mental illness because there is no definitive evidence of the unconscious mind. However, studies have found that childhood experiences can affect your mental health later in life.

35
Q

cases to explain childhood experiences affecting mental health

A

Hammersley et al

psychology (37 decks)

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