Multi-store model of memory Flashcards
what is the multi-store model of memory?
an explanation of memory based on three separate memory stores, and how information is transferred through these stores.
who came up with the multi-store model?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968-71)
what are the three stores of the multi-store model?
sensory register, short-term memory, and long term memory.
what is the order of the multi-store model of memory?
stimulus from environment - sensory register - stm - ltm
what are the 5 sensory register stores?
iconic (visual) echoic (sound) haptic (touch) olfactory (smell) gustatory (taste)
which experiment supports this theory and why?
the serial position effect. this is because information form the middle of the list had been displaced as p’s most likely rehearsed items from the start (LTM) and the end of the list (STM)
how long did they suggest that information is stored in the sensory register for?
0.5 seconds
how does the information transfer from stm to ltm?
through rehearsal
what did Sterling (1960) find?
showed participants stimuli for 50 milliseconds and asked them to recall as many as they could. on average they could only recall around 4-5.
What did Sterling (1960) find in his variation?
he played a corresponding tone just after the presentation and found that on average they could only recall around 3 items from whichever row they’d been asked to.
one strength of the multi-store model?
most researchers agree that STM and LTM are separate stores
what is a contradicting point to the fact that most researchers agreeing that there are separate stores?
they argue that the multi-store model is too simplistic and that the brain is far more complex.
another strength of the multi-store model?
much of the evidence gained is from lab experiments meaning that it is reliable.
what is a contradicting point from the fact that most evidence gained is from lab experiments?
not valid.
how does Shallice and Warringtons (1970) study support this theory?
KF’s long term memory was still intact but short term memory was not, proving that there are separate stores.
