humanistic approach Flashcards
who are the two founders of the humanistic approach?
Carl Rogers and Maslow
what was the view on psychodynamic approach by rogers?
that it was the ‘sick half’ of psychology so this approach had focused on the healthy growth in individuals
does the humanistic approach focus on nature or nurture?
nurture
what does rogers and Maslow think about psychology?
they believe viewing it as scientific is wrong
what is the humanistic approach
an approach which focuses on understanding behaviour which emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each persons capacity for self determination
define self
the ideas and values that characterise ‘I’ and ‘me’ and includes perception and valuing what individuals are and what they can do
define self-actualisation
the desire to grow psychologically and fulfil ones potential and what you are capable of
define the hierarchy of needs
a five levelled sequence in which basic needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needed can be achieved
define congruence
the aim of rogerian therapy which suggests that when the self-concept and the ideal self are seen to broadly accord or match
define conditions of worth
when a parent places limits or boundaries on their love for their children (e.g - if you do not become a lawyer I will not love you anymore)
define free will
the notion that humans can make choices and choose their own destiny which are not determined by biological or external forces
if there is an exam question on humanistic approach which approach should you compare it to to gain more marks?
the psychodynamic approach and their similarities and differences
what type of approach is this?
a holistic where it is considered essential to study the whole person and considering their behaviours in a holistic way. In addition to that, it is considered a person centred approach which is concerned with the conscious experience of the person
human behaviour is motivated by what, according to this approach?
deficiency needs and growth needs which are displayed through the hierarchy of needs
what does not achieving self-actualisation lead to?
restlessness and dissatisfaction with life
what is the order of the hierarchy of needs?
psychological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem and self-actualisation
why did rogers develop client centred therapy?
He developed client centre therapy as a way to reduce the lack of unconditional positive regard which individuals received in childhood. He does this by providing clients with conditional positive regard as a way to boost self-esteem and self-worth
what is the aim of client centred therapy?
To help clients by providing them with genuine, empathy and unconditional positive regard so that they increase their feelings of self-worth, reduce incongruence and become a fully functioning person as they discover and resolve their own solutions
a strength of the humanistic approach
One strength of the humanistic approach is that they advocate holism which suggests that subjective experience can only be understood by studying the whole person. This may be a more valid approach as It considers meaningful human behaviour within a real life context.
Another strength of the humanistic approach
One strength is that it holds real life application. The hierarchy of needs shows how humans are motivated and has been applied to institutions such as school, therapy and management
One weakness of the humanistic approach
One weakness of this approach is that it is not based off of scientific evidence and cannot be applied to all people. For example, some people are unable to reach self-actualisation as some individuals have unrealistic ideas meaning it is almost impossible to achieve them
Another weakness of the humanistic approach
Another weakness of the humanistic approach is that it is too positive when regarding human behaviour which means that it assumes that each individual is good and will choose positive paths for their life. However, free will and choice may be limited for some individuals
