Influence of early attachment on later relationships

Question 1

what are childhood relationships?

Answer 1

affiliations with toher people in chudhood, including friends and peers, adults and teachers.

Question 2

what are adult relationships?

Answer 2

those relationships the child goes on to have in later life,. These include friendships and working relationships but most critically romantic relationships with romantic partners and their own children.

Question 3

what are internal working models?

Answer 3

our mental representation of the world. this model affects our future relationships as it forms a perception on what relationships are like.

Question 4

what is a type a attachment?

Answer 4

avoidant

Question 5

what is a type c attachment?

Answer 5

resistant

Question 6

relationships in later childhood? Kerns (1994)

Answer 6

early attachment type is associated with the quality of peer relationships in childhood. Securely attached infants form the best quality friendships compared to insecurely attached who have friendship difficulties.

Question 7

Myron-Wilson and smith (1998)

Answer 7

found secure children were very unlikely to be involved in bullying. Insecure-avoidant were most likely to be victims of bullying. Insecure-resistant were more likely to be the bullies.

Question 8

Mcarthy (1999)

Answer 8

studied romantic relationships and friendships in 40 adult women whos attachment type had been classified as infants. Those classified as securely attached when infants who were the best romantic relationships and friendships, whilst the insecure resistant had problems maintaining friendships and the insecure avoidant had problems with intimacy in romantic relationships.

Question 9

Hanzan & Shaver (1987)

Answer 9

they analysed 620 replies to a love quiz printed in an American local newspaper and assessed their current relationships, in general experience and attachment type. 56% of respondents were identified as securely attached, 25% insecure-avoidant, 19% insecure-resistant. these findings suggest that patterns of attachment behaviours are reflected in romantic relationships.

Question 10

what did Sroufe (2005) find?

Answer 10

in summary, they found strong associations between early attachment type and social competence in interactions with peers, and with their romantic partners.

Question 11

relationships in adulthood as a parent support (bailey 1999)

Answer 11

considered the attachments if 99 mothers to their babies and to their own mothers. Mother-baby attachments was assessed using strange situation and mothers attachment to their mother was assessed using an adult attachment interview. The majority of women had the same attachments (continuity)

Question 12

Regensburg longitudinal study (2008) evidence being mixed.

Answer 12

followed 43 individuals from one year of age. At age 16, attachment was assessed using the adult attachment interview and there was no evidence of continuity (not as deterministic)

Question 13

validity issues?

Answer 13

measures of early attachment has two problems: reliability and recall of truthfulness in reporting, this is because it may be confounded as most research is not longitudinal as they mostly use adult participants about their attachments which they may be unable to remember.

Question 14

why can the IWM be a problem?

Answer 14

the IWM is basically a metaphor to help us understand an abstract idea in terms of a more concrete one because the term id not. specific defined constrict but a general idea of bow early experiences from a template of expectations within all kinds of relationships, it has been used to ‘explain’ many behaviours associated with attachment as such its usefulness has become questioned by some