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psychology of personality > Psychoanalytic approch > Flashcards

Psychoanalytic approch Flashcards

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1
Q

sigmund freud

A

founder of psychoanalysis

influenced : therapy/talk therapy ,philosophy , science ,gumanities:art,films,literature

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2
Q

the origin of freudian thory

A

viennese neurologist

-trained as a medical doctor,but more interested in research and understanding the mind

-worked with Dr.Breuer and developed the ‘‘Talking Cure’’

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3
Q

charcot’s histeria

A

women mental disorder with physical manifestations,

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4
Q

the case of Anna O.

A

patient of Dr.Breuer

numerous symptoms,contracted shortly after nursed her father (tuberculosis)

no physical causes

breur would talk with Anna each night,and founder her symptoms would improve the following day

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5
Q

anna’s case

A

after anna refused to drink for several weeks,she reveled to Breuer that she’d seen a dog drink from her water glass

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6
Q

the talking cure

A

step 1- allow for free association

step 2- talk with patient to reveal psychological anxiety/neuroism

step 3- patient has CATHARSIS - insight into their psychological problem

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7
Q

recent explanation of hysteria

A

-emotional centers of the brain activated
-inhibit motor centers of the brain from coordinating movement

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8
Q

recent explanation of hysteria

A

-emotional centers of the brain activated
-inhibit motor centers of the brain from coordinating movement

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9
Q

freud thory of personality *

A

psychoanalytic theory

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10
Q

psychoanalytic theory: assumptions

A

1-psychologica; determinism
-life/sex instinct
-death/agression instict

2 - importance of the unconcious
-dynamic process
-intrapsychic conflict (id,ego,superego)

4-defense mechanism

5-importance of early childhood experience

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11
Q

1- Determinism :basic instincts

A

Life-self preservation,sex

Death-agression,destruction

ex:do human seek death?

after world war 1, freud view death and destruction as insticts of human nature

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12
Q
  1. importance of unconciness
A

levels of consciousness

-pre-consious
-concious
-unconcious

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13
Q

pre-concious

A

easily retrived,but not currently on one’s mind

ex:what aet yesterday

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14
Q

counciousness

A

what you think right away

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15
Q

unconcious

A

repressed content of the mind
sexual and aggression instincts

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16
Q

carl Jung’s unconcious

A

student of Freud

disagreed about the depravity of the unconscious
-personal uncocious (freud)
-collective unconscious

contents of unconscious shared by all humanity,passed from ancestors

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17
Q

frud unconcius

A

id,ego,supergo

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18
Q

id

A

infacy
all drives and urges
plesure principle - immediate gratification
primary process thinking (illogical)- not bonded with reality

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19
Q

ego

A

developed at age 2
contrainthe id to reality
reality principle-direct expression of id impulses can lead to problems
avoids,redirects,postpone
secondary process thinking (logical)

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20
Q

superego

A

developed by age 5

internalize values, the morality of parents and society
-promotes guilt,shame, pride
-not set in reality (high standards)

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21
Q

conflict

A

our lives are constant negotiation of opposing impulses

id,ego and superego are always battling for control - this conflict causes anxiety

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22
Q

how do we cope with anxiety?

A

defense mechanism
-distort reality in some way
-must operate unconsiously

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23
Q

3-defense mechanism

A

-repression

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24
Q

repression

A

traumatic memories pushed out of awarness to avoid associated anxiety

-for frud to avoid sexual desires
-today to protect from childhood abuses and traumas

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25
Q

denial

A

convincing yourself that a traumatic event did not occur or was not traumatic

26
Q

rationalization

A

generating acceptable,logical reasons for outcomes that otherwise would not be acceptable

27
Q

displacment

A

threatening impulses or desires is redirecting onto another target

ex:being mad at your boss,taking it out in your partner

28
Q

reaction formation

A

to stifle an unacceptable impulse, the exact opposite behaviour desires are displayed

ex:I’m mad at my girlfriend, I became really nice towards her

29
Q

projection

A

seeing one’s own unactable qualities in others and disliking them for processing those qualities

ex: being insecure, I think anna being insecure is pathetic

30
Q

sublimination

A

most adptive defense
-convert unnaceptable behaviour into acceptable ones

like being very angry and going to the gym

31
Q

what did freud do for physchological science and personality reserch

A

-talking cure
-mind-body connection
-psych might influence behaviour,even when people are not aware of it
-case study method

32
Q

conteporary physchonalitical reserch direction

A

modern view of repression
cognitive view of the unconscious
ego psychology
narcism
object relational theory

33
Q

modern view of repression

A

repression was seen as unnaceptable thoughts pushed into the unconscious

but their are some doubt if memories recovered in therapy are real or false

-traumatic events are usually not repressed/they are remembered
-therapist can implant false memories in patients (confirmation bias) and as trusted authority patients may go along with it

34
Q

modern view of the unconcious : motivated vs cognitive

A

motivated view: we bury hidden desires in the unconscious

cognitive view:information perceived may become unconscious and influence us - but it is not buried (priming)

35
Q

modern view of the ego

A

anna frud,erik erikson, had a more complex view of ego

goal is to establish self-identity failure to do so creates identity crises

36
Q

erikson 8 stages of development

A
37
Q

differnces from freuds psychosexual development

A

cover the full life span
allows for development during latecy/adulthood

38
Q

narcism

A

exagerated positive self-estem

narcism is a defense

39
Q

narcissistic paradox

A

people who seem to think they’re greate may feel insecure underneath

40
Q

narcism

A

grandiodity,dominance,entitlement,superiorty

excessive positive view of one self and negative view of others

41
Q

what causes narcissim

A

parents over-idolize child,set up unrealistic expectations > while cretizing the child for failing to meet those unrealistic expectations > child feel humiliated > narcistic behaviour

narcism overconposate for insecurities by self-aggrandizing

42
Q

narcism measuring

A
  • Unrealistically positive beliefs about abilities
    and achievements
    – “I can make anybody believe anything I want them
    to.”
  • Preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited
    success, power, brilliance, and beauty
    – “If I ruled the world it would be a much better place.”
  • Strong sense of entitlement
    – “I will never be satisfied until I get all that I deserve.”
  • Grandiose sense of self-importance
    – “I am an extraordinary person.
43
Q

narcism in therapy

A

it is usually does not work because they do not belive they have a problem-they are perfect

44
Q

narcisits

A

-Look in the mirror more frequently
* Take credit for their accomplishments but
blame others for their failures
* Self-promote more on social-networking
sites like Facebook
* Tend to adopt a ‘game-playing’ style in
relationships
* Become angry and aggressive in
response to failure or negative feedback

45
Q

when narcisist had to rate teir performnece relative to others

A

they evaluate themselves even better after watching themselves participating in discussion(the opposite of non-narsistic people _

46
Q

what are the two types of narcissist

A

Grandiose narcissist
Fragile narcissit

47
Q

Grandiose narcissist

A

-exagerated sense of self-importance
-appears to feel privileged and entitled
-has little empathy
-tends to blame failures in others or circumstances
-tend to be critical of others
-tends to be controlling
-Has little psychological insight into own
motives, behavior, etc

48
Q

Frangile narcissist

A

-tends to feel unhappy,depressed,or despondent
-tends to be critical of others
-has an exaggerated sense-of self importance
tends to feel anxious
tends to feel envious
is prone to painful feelings of emptiness
appears to feel priviladge and entitled
tends to feel inadquet,inferior or failure

49
Q

object relation theory

A

emphasis on social relationships

origins of adult relationship in childhood

internalized representations of parents become basis for relating to others

50
Q

early bond with parents influence child’s personality

A

harlow experiment

51
Q

harlow monkey experiment

A

raised monkeys apart from mothers
-provide surrogate wire mother or cloth mother
-wire mothers provided food and water

monkeys spant more time with cloth mother
-importance of physical contact with children

52
Q

consequences

A

monkeys deprived of real mothers became anxious,insecure and abnormal sexually

53
Q

Bowby

A

notice a similar parttern in children

54
Q

Ainsworth:strange situation procedure

A

how does children respond to being left with a friendly stranger for a few minutes?

55
Q

3 responses and 3 attachment styles

A

1-continue exploration,play,happy to see mother when she came back (secure)

2-unfaz when mother left,and avoidant upon return (avoidant)

3.very anxious throughout procedure,cligy and agry upon return (anxious-ambivalent)

56
Q

attachment style in adults

A

important part of personality
releted to relationship behaviours
(secure,avoidant,anxious-ambivelent)

outcome of attachment style as children (can change along time )

57
Q

anxious-avoidant/preocupaid

A

have the most sex and least avoidant (except males)
preoccupied feel greatest need for intamicy

58
Q

avoidants

A

have worse memory reletionship concepts

59
Q

stress test study

A

Hetero romantic couples brought into
lab; told that male must participate in
experiment involving the “machine”
* Experimenter leaves couple alone for
10 min. in waiting room
– Secretly videotaped
* Male participant feels stressed
* How does female participant respond?

60
Q

result

A

female avoidants are less likely to show support

secure female most supportive

61
Q

how attachment style changes across time

A

anxious attachment high in adolecense and young adulthood, then decline

avoidant stable ,with small decline

being in a relationship led to greater secure attachment style over time

psychology of personality (16 decks)

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