Psychoanalytic Approach

Question 1

who is the founder of psychoanalysis?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

what thinking did Freud influence?

Answer 2

talk therapy
philosophy
science
humanities (art, literature, films)

Question 3

what researcher was freudian theory based on?

Answer 3

Charcot’s theory

Question 4

what is Charcot’s theory?

Answer 4

hysteria

Question 5

what is hysteria

Answer 5

no physical origin of symptoms because they are happening in the mind

Question 6

what is the case of Anna O.?

Answer 6

had symtpons of couching, hallucinations, partial paralysis etc. with no physical cause after traumatic event
Had ‘talk therapy’ with Breuer

Question 7

what are the steps of the ‘talking cure’

Answer 7

1 hypnotize patient for free association
2 talk with patient to reveal psychological anxiety/neurosis
3 patient has catharsis
4 physical symptoms disappear

Question 8

what is the modern name for hysteria?

Answer 8

conversion disorder

Question 9

neuroscientific explanation of conversion disorder?

Answer 9

emotional brain areas light up instead of motor cortices which may be being inhibited

Question 10

what are the 4 basic assumptions of freuds theory

Answer 10

psychological determinism
importance of the unconscious
denfense mechanisms
importance of early childhood experiences

Question 11

what are the primary motives of life according to psychological determinism?

Answer 11

life = self preservation, sex
death = aggression, destruction

Question 12

what personal experience led freud to believe death and destruction are instinctual in humans?

Answer 12

WW1

Question 13

true or false; freud believed all behaviour was the caused by an internal drive

Answer 13

true, freudian slip

Question 14

what are the levels of consciousness described by Freud?

Answer 14

pre-conscious
consciousness
unconscious

Question 15

pre-conscious

Answer 15

easily retrieved info but not currentl on one’s mind

Question 16

consciousness

Answer 16

what you’re thinking about right now

Question 17

unconscious

Answer 17

repressed contents of the mind
holds aggressive/sexual instincts

Question 18

what are Carl Jung’s levels of unconscious?

Answer 18

personal
collective

Question 19

personal unconscious

Answer 19

basically the freudian unconcious

Question 20

collective unconscious

Answer 20

contents of unconscious shared by all of humanity passed from ancestors
includes primordial images

Question 21

what are primordial images? examples?

Answer 21

associations between objects an concepts that we all kind of ‘know’
ex. mother = good, dark = evil

Question 22

what is Freud’s structure of personality?

Answer 22

Ego
Superego
Id

Question 23

Id

Answer 23

baby’s self-centered view
all drives and urges here
pleasure principle
primary process thinking

Question 24

pleasure principle

Answer 24

need immediate gratification to be satisfied

Question 25

Primary process thinking

Answer 25

illogical thinking centered around self and what the self wants not considering reality

Question 26

ego characteristics

Answer 26

develops at age 2
contrains the Id to reality
reality principle
secondary process thinking

Question 27

reality principle

Answer 27

knows that direct expression of id impulses are illogical therefore surpresses them

Question 28

secondary process thinking

Answer 28

strategies for solving problems are tied to reality

Question 29

superego characteristics

Answer 29

develops at age 5
internalizes morals/values of parents/society
self conscious emotions emerge
not bound to reality through high standards

Question 30

self-conscious emotions

Answer 30

guilt
shame
embarrassment
pride

Question 31

what is Freud’s overarching conflict in personality? what does the conflict produce

Answer 31

constant negotiationsof opposing impulses from id, ego, and superego
conflicts produce anxiety

Question 32

defense mechanisms

Answer 32

ways that we cope with anxiety of conflict between id, ego, and superego

Question 33

what section of personality is usually responsible for defense mechanisms? why?

Answer 33

ego
to be the mediator of the id and superego since they are not based in reality

Question 34

what are criterias of defense mechanisms?

Answer 34

must distort reality in some kind of way
mus operate unconsciously

Question 35

types of defense mechanisms

Answer 35

repression
denial
rationalization
displacement
reaction formation
projection
sublimation

Question 36

repression

Answer 36

traumatic memories pushed out of awareness to avoid associated anxiety

Question 37

denial

Answer 37

convincing yourself that trauma did not occur or was not traumatic

Question 38

rationalization

Answer 38

generating acceptable logical reasons for outcomes that otherwise would not be acceptable

Question 39

displacement

Answer 39

threatening impulse/desire is redirected onto another target
take it out on someone else

Question 40

reaction formation and example

Answer 40

stifle unacceptable impulse, exact opposite behaviour/desire is displayed
ex. if you’re homophobic you’re gay

Question 41

projection

Answer 41

seeing one’s own unacceptable qualities in others and disliking them for it

Question 42

sublimation and example

Answer 42

convert unacceptable behaviour/desire into acceptable that still relieves anxiety
ex. join wrestling rather than beating somone up