Psychoanalytic Approach Flashcards
who is the founder of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
what thinking did Freud influence?
talk therapy
philosophy
science
humanities (art, literature, films)
what researcher was freudian theory based on?
Charcot’s theory
what is Charcot’s theory?
hysteria
what is hysteria
no physical origin of symptoms because they are happening in the mind
what is the case of Anna O.?
had symtpons of couching, hallucinations, partial paralysis etc. with no physical cause after traumatic event
Had ‘talk therapy’ with Breuer
what are the steps of the ‘talking cure’
1 hypnotize patient for free association
2 talk with patient to reveal psychological anxiety/neurosis
3 patient has catharsis
4 physical symptoms disappear
what is the modern name for hysteria?
conversion disorder
neuroscientific explanation of conversion disorder?
emotional brain areas light up instead of motor cortices which may be being inhibited
what are the 4 basic assumptions of freuds theory
psychological determinism
importance of the unconscious
denfense mechanisms
importance of early childhood experiences
what are the primary motives of life according to psychological determinism?
life = self preservation, sex
death = aggression, destruction
what personal experience led freud to believe death and destruction are instinctual in humans?
WW1
true or false; freud believed all behaviour was the caused by an internal drive
true, freudian slip
what are the levels of consciousness described by Freud?
pre-conscious
consciousness
unconscious
pre-conscious
easily retrieved info but not currentl on one’s mind
consciousness
what you’re thinking about right now
unconscious
repressed contents of the mind
holds aggressive/sexual instincts
what are Carl Jung’s levels of unconscious?
personal
collective
personal unconscious
basically the freudian unconcious
collective unconscious
contents of unconscious shared by all of humanity passed from ancestors
includes primordial images
what are primordial images? examples?
associations between objects an concepts that we all kind of ‘know’
ex. mother = good, dark = evil
what is Freud’s structure of personality?
Ego
Superego
Id
Id
baby’s self-centered view
all drives and urges here
pleasure principle
primary process thinking
pleasure principle
need immediate gratification to be satisfied
Primary process thinking
illogical thinking centered around self and what the self wants not considering reality
ego characteristics
develops at age 2
contrains the Id to reality
reality principle
secondary process thinking
reality principle
knows that direct expression of id impulses are illogical therefore surpresses them
secondary process thinking
strategies for solving problems are tied to reality
superego characteristics
develops at age 5
internalizes morals/values of parents/society
self conscious emotions emerge
not bound to reality through high standards
self-conscious emotions
guilt
shame
embarrassment
pride
what is Freud’s overarching conflict in personality? what does the conflict produce
constant negotiationsof opposing impulses from id, ego, and superego
conflicts produce anxiety
defense mechanisms
ways that we cope with anxiety of conflict between id, ego, and superego
what section of personality is usually responsible for defense mechanisms? why?
ego
to be the mediator of the id and superego since they are not based in reality
what are criterias of defense mechanisms?
must distort reality in some kind of way
mus operate unconsciously
types of defense mechanisms
repression
denial
rationalization
displacement
reaction formation
projection
sublimation
repression
traumatic memories pushed out of awareness to avoid associated anxiety
denial
convincing yourself that trauma did not occur or was not traumatic
rationalization
generating acceptable logical reasons for outcomes that otherwise would not be acceptable
displacement
threatening impulse/desire is redirected onto another target
take it out on someone else
reaction formation and example
stifle unacceptable impulse, exact opposite behaviour/desire is displayed
ex. if you’re homophobic you’re gay
projection
seeing one’s own unacceptable qualities in others and disliking them for it
sublimation and example
convert unacceptable behaviour/desire into acceptable that still relieves anxiety
ex. join wrestling rather than beating somone up