psych lab test component Flashcards
self esteem lab:
what is unconscious bias?
measured bu the difference between reaction times (RT) on inconsistent and consistent stereotype conditions of the illicit associations test (ITA)
self esteem lab:
what is ITA?
ITA we did in class presented two categories made of one each of gender: male or female, and role/area of study: family/humanities or career/science, on each side of the screen.
The DV, RT, was measures by the speed in categorizing an exemplar word into either category
self esteem lab:
first & second conditions
- stereotype constant (‘together constant’; female and family/humanities, male and career/science)
- second stereotype inconsistent (‘together inconsistent’; female and career/science, male and family/humanities)
self esteem lab:
objective
In individuals had a bias in the direction of the traditional stereotypes (consistent), then they would have a slower RT for the inconsistent as compared to consistent trials, making their difference score between these two conditions a positive value. The opposite (slower RT for consistent as for inconsistent trials) would indicate a bias in opposition of traditional gender-role stereotypes, resulting in a negative difference score
self esteem lab;
correlations (r)
measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables, often depicted in scatterplots
- Direction
-Positive
- Negative
- No direction
- Strength
- Always a values between -1 to 1
String relationships have r close to -1 to 1
No relationships is around 0
self esteem lab:
3 Steps for Understanding Correlations
- Look for absence of relationship
- Determine direction of relationship (positive or negative)
- Determine strength of relationship
What is the difference between an experiment and a correlation study
- experimental design, you manipulate an independent variable and measure its effect on a dependent variable. Other variables are controlled so they can’t impact the results.
- In a correlational design, you measure variables without manipulating any of them.
self esteem lab:
Reliability & Validity
- Reliability: the extent to which assessments are consistent (‘repeatability’)
- Validity: the extent to which assessments are accurate
self esteem lab:
Internal consistency (reliability)
- consistency of results across items on the same test (winton questionnaire)
- Split-half correlations
self esteem lab:
Convergent Validity
the degree where scores on a test correlate with scores on other tests which are designed to assess the same construction (between questionnaires)
self esteem lab:
Rosenberg
Rosenberg (old test)
- 10 questions
- Established
- Higher score = higher self-esteem
self esteem lab:
Sorenson
Sorenson (Newer)
50 questions
Newer
Lower score = higher self-esteem
self esteem lab:
Validating a new survey (ideal way)
- Give surely to everyone in sample and gather all scores
- Send everyone to 10 hours of therapy with a qualified therapist, having the therapist give you a score
- Calculate the correlation between the survey & therapist score
self esteem lab:
Validating a new survey (other way)
- Give old survey to everyone, gather scores
- Give new sure to everyone, gather scores
- Calculate correlation between scores
- Correlate two scores together
- So split-half correlation within new survey
- Prediction: people who have high self-esteem should score high on the Rosenberg and low on the Sorenson
-This would look like a strong, negative correlation
self esteem lab:
How does csikszentimihalyi’s flow and mallows relate
- mallows hierarchy of needs
- peak experience (self-actualization)
- Csikszentmihalyi’s Flow
- optimal experience
self esteem lab:
Maslow - deficit reduction
- Interested in the psychology of personal growth and well-being
- Emphasized choice, creativity, and self-actualization
- Hierchary of needs
self esteem lab:
Self-actualization is correlated with?
- An accurate perception of reality
- An acceptance elf themselves and others
- A focus on problem solving instead of the self
- An appreciation of life
- An ethical, creative, humorous, and philosophical approach to life
- A sense of winder, awe, reverence and humility
- Feeling of surrender to the experience
- An openness to perceiving mystic (religious or philosophical)
self esteem lab:
Flow
the exhilaration felt by an individual who undertakes tasks using complex skills should have clear goals and immediate feedback
meditation lab:
Herbert Benson
- A mechanism for controlling breathing countering the “fight or flight” response
- Uses relaxation responses to counter act response
meditation lab:
Bensons 8 steps to the relaxation response
- Chose focus word, phrase, or short prayer for meditation
- We have a focus word because it stops our inner monologue
- Find a quiet place, sit still and conformably
- Close your eyes
- Progressively relax your muscles from your feet to your head
- Focus your attention on breathing slowly and naturally
- Assume a passive attitude
- Continue for 12-15 minutes
- Practice the technique at least once a day for at least 30 days
mediation lab:
what effect does meditation have on attention and memory (IV) (DV)
IV: meditation (pre-test, post-test)
DV: attention (time (seconds) it takes to stop motion illusion), and memory (time (seconds) it takes to solve math questions)
