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psych exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

you pay more attention to bad things, and ignore when something good happens

A

ignoring the good

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2
Q

making a really big deal out of something small, or making something a little bit bad seem like the worst thing ever

A

blowing things up

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3
Q

thinking you know what will happen in the future, and that it will be bad

A

fortune telling

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4
Q

believing you know what someone else is thinking, or why they are doing something, without having enough information

A

mind reading

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5
Q

having a negative belief about yourself and thinking it applies to everything you do

A

negative labeling

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6
Q

thinking that you must be perfect in everything you do, otherwise you’re no good

A

setting bar too high

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7
Q

blaming yourself for anything that goes wrong around you, even if you had nothing to do with it

A

self-blaming

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8
Q

believing that if you feel something, it must be true

A

feeling as facts

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9
Q

believing things have to be a certain way

A

“should” statements

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10
Q

the uncomfortable feeling of apprehension or dread in response to internal or external stimuli

A

anxiety

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11
Q

what are used to reduce anxiety by preventing or diminishing unwanted thoughts or feelings

A

defense mechanisms

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12
Q

extreme, overwhelming form of anxiety often experienced when an individual is placed in a real or perceived life-threatening situation

A

panic disorder

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13
Q

what is diagnosed when panic is continuously experienced in situations of no real physical or psychological threat

A

panic disorder

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14
Q

sudden, discrete periods of intense fear or discomfort accompanied by significant physical and cognitive symptoms

A

panic attacks

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15
Q

fear of open spaces

A

agoraphobia

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16
Q

feelings of frustration, disgust with life, demoralization, and hopelessness & sense of ill-being and uneasiness and fear of imminent disaster

A

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

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17
Q

this diagnostic criteria is for what disorder:
- excessive worry and anxiety for at least 6 months
- anxiety related to a number of events/activities
- pt has little or no control over worry
- significant impairment in daily and social life

A

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

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18
Q

persistent fear of clearly discernible, circumscribed objects or situations leading to avoidance behavior

A

specific phobia

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19
Q

persistent fear of social situations in which embarrassment may occur (fear of being embarrassed in social settings)

A

social phobia

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20
Q

an internal process of perception, memory, and judgement through which an understanding of oneself and the world is developed

A

cognition

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21
Q

who developed the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)

A

aaron beck

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22
Q

who developed the solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT)

A

steven de shazer and insoo kin berg

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23
Q

what therapy is used to alter distorted beliefs and problem behaviors: negative and inaccurate thoughts identified and replaced; rewards for behavior changed

A

cognitive behavioral therapy

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24
Q

what depicts the interaction of individual experiences, perception of these experiences, and the unique thoughts attached to these experiences that influence the development of beliefs

A

the cycle of cognition

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25
Q

what are the 3 cognitive processes involved in the development of mental disorders

A

cognitive triad
cognitive distortions
schemas

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26
Q

thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future

A

cognitive triad

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27
Q

“twisted thinking”

A

cognitive distortions

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28
Q

individual’s life rules acting as a filter; developed in early childhood and fixed by middle childhood

A

schemas

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29
Q

asserting that something general is always true about an event, situation, or group of people

A

overgeneralization

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30
Q

applying a general statement to oneself

A

personalizing

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31
Q

viewing or talking about an event as worse than it actually was

A

catastrophizing

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32
Q

selectively abstracting negative information from stressful events

A

selective abstraction

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33
Q

what are the steps of implementing the cognitive behavioral therapy

A
  • identify the underlying belief
  • explore evidence
  • identify alternative explanations
  • examine the real implications if the belief is true
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34
Q

what type of therapy has emphasis on changing irrational beliefs that cause emotional distress into thoughts that are more reasonable and rational

A

rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

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35
Q

what are the steps of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

A
  • activating event
  • belief system
  • consequences
  • dispute
  • effective outlook
36
Q

focusing on the solution rather than the problem

A

solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT)

37
Q

the interventions of this therapy focus on achievement of specific, concrete, and achievable goals

A

solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT)

38
Q

excessive, unwanted, intrusive, and persistent thoughts, impulses, or image causing anxiety and distress; not under the patient’s control and incongruent with the pts usual thought patterns

A

Obsessive part of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

39
Q

repeatedly performed behaviors in a ritualistic fashion with the goal of preventing or relieving anxiety and distress

A

compulsion part of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

40
Q

chronic self-destructive hair pulling that results in noticeable hair loss

A

trichotillomania

41
Q

skin-picking disorder

A

excoriation disorder

42
Q

focusing on real (but slight) or imagined defects in appearance

A

body dysmorphic disorder

43
Q

difficulty parting with or discarding possessions

A

hoarding disorder

44
Q

what kind of trauma is from an accident, self-inflicted damage, or violence perpetrated by others

A

physical trauma

45
Q

what kind of trauma is an emotional injury caused by an overwhelmingly stressful event that threatens one’s survival and sense of security

A

psychological trauma

46
Q

the capacity to withstand stress and catastrophe. it develops over time and is the culmination of multiple internal and external factors

A

resilience

47
Q

short term disorder related to experience of major trauma

A

ASD
acute stress disorder

48
Q

long term disorder related to experience of major trauma

A

PTSD

49
Q

a patient with PTSD startles easily and reacts irritably to small annoyances. the nurse interprets this as which of the following?

A

hyperarousal

50
Q

what is the main nursing diagnosis for people with trauma and stress disorders

A

risk for suicide

51
Q

responses to extreme external or internal events or stressors; failure to integrate identity, memory, and consciousness

A

dissociative disorders

52
Q

what type of dissociative disorder is the inability to recall

A

dissociative amnesia

53
Q

what type of dissociative disorder is being detached from one’s body

A

depersonalization disorder

54
Q

what type of dissociative disorder is at least two distinct personality or identity states (very rare)

A

dissociative identity disorder

55
Q

what is used to describe, explain, and predict the psychological origins of illness and disease

A

psychosomatic

56
Q

manifestation of psychological distress as physical symptoms. possibly resulting in functional changes or somatic descriptions

A

somatization

57
Q

misinterpretation of body sensations or normal physical changes

A

illness anxiety disorder

58
Q

intentional injury or illness to receive attention of health care workers

A

factitious disorders

59
Q

intentional injury or illness to have physical gain like a homeless person coming to the ER to get a meal and bed for the night

A

malingering

60
Q

neurologic symptoms and sensory problems but test result is negative; symptoms “real” for the patient

A

conversion disorder

61
Q

complex pattern of characteristics, largely outside of the person’s awareness

A

personality

62
Q

prominent aspects of personality exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts

A

personality traits

63
Q

an enduring pattern of deviant inner experiences and behavior differing from cultural expectations

A

personality disorder

64
Q

ability to relate to others with empathy or intimacy

A

interpersonal functioning

65
Q

name the 3 cluster A personality disorders

A

paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

66
Q

name the 4 cluster B personality disorders

A

antisocial
borderline
histrionic
narcissistic

67
Q

name the 3 cluster C personality disorders

A

avoidant
dependent
obsessive compulsive

68
Q

distrustful and suspicious of others

A

paranoid (A)

69
Q

detached from social relationships; restricted range of emotional expression

A

schizoid (A)

70
Q

discomfort in close relations, cognitive, or perceptual distortions, eccentricities

A

schizotypal (A)

71
Q

disregard for others and violation of others’ rights

A

antisocial (B)

72
Q

instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions; impulsive

A

borderline (B)

73
Q

excessive emotionality and attention seeking

A

histrionic (B)

74
Q

grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy

A

narcissistic (B)

75
Q

social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to criticism

A

avoidant (C)

76
Q

submissive and clinging behavior; excessive need to be taken care of

A

dependent (C)

77
Q

preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control

A

obsessive compulsive (C)

78
Q

children not listening to authority

A

oppositional defiant disorder

79
Q

children violating the rights of others

A

conduct disorder

80
Q

chronic disorder of not eating because of the fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image, and thinking they’re fatter than they are

A

anorexia nervosa

81
Q

explain the 2 types of anorexia nervosa (restricting & purging)

A

restricting- not eating
purging - eating a lot but then not eating for a while after binging

82
Q

what is russel’s sign

A

cuts and bruises on hand from pulling trig all the time

83
Q

recurrent episodes of binge eating and compensatory behaviors of either purging or nonpurging

A

bulimia nervosa

84
Q

what is the main difference clinically between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

A

bulimia has no severe weight loss or amenorrhea (no period) like anorexia

85
Q

what are the patients families like with bulimia vs anorexia

A

bulimia- chaotic, few rules, unclear boundaries
anorexia - overprotective, rigid boundaries, inability to solve conflicts

86
Q

eating until uncomfortable full and feeling guilt after but doing it again and again

A

binge eating

nursing (15 decks)

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