med surg exam 5.1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main function of the GI system

A

digestion of the body’s nutrients and elimination of wastes

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2
Q

what breaks down food into dissolvable components & aids in digesting bacteria

A

HCL (hydrochloric acid)

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3
Q

what stomach enzyme aids in protein digestion

A

pepsin

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4
Q

what combines with V B12 so that the vit can be absorbed in the ileum

A

intrinsic factor

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5
Q

what is the order of assessment for the GI system

A

inspection
auscultation
palpation
percussion

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6
Q

what is the most common cause of anemia in adults

A

GI bleeds

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7
Q

what lab study can indicate the risk for fatty liver disease

A

triglycerides

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8
Q

what test can be used to evaluate carbohydrate absorption and bacterial overgrowth of h. pylori in the intestine

A

breath tests

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9
Q

what test detects radiation emitted from radioactive substances that were injected thru IV and detects the extent of the spread cancers (metastases)

A

positron emission tomography

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10
Q

what tube is inserted through the mouth and ends in the stomach

A

orogastric tube

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11
Q

what tube is inserted through the nose and ends in the stomach

A

nasogastric NGT

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12
Q

what tube is inserted through the mouth beyond the pylorus and into the small intestine

A

oroenteric tube

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13
Q

what tube is inserted through the nose and into the small intestine ending in either the duodenum or the jejunum

A

nasoenteric tube

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14
Q

what kind of tubes are used when the esophagus and stomach need to be bypassed or when aspiration is a big concern

A

enteric tubes

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15
Q

periapical abscess

A

bacteria got into root canal and the swelling causes radiating pain and needs to be removed by draining or tooth removal
keep clean and give antibiotics

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16
Q

generalized term for anything that irritates the inside of the mouth

A

stomatitis

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17
Q

what is sialidenitis

A

inflammation or blockage in salivary gland
swollen around jaw & neck
caution airway
treat w sour stuff, massage, warm compress

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18
Q

what is xerostomia

A

dry mouth

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19
Q

what is odynophagia

A

painful swallowing

20
Q

what is Sialagogues

A

substances that trigger saliva flow like hard candy or lemon juice

21
Q

what is halitosis

A

bad smelling breath

22
Q

what is a radical neck dissection and which type is the most common

A

surgery done to remove lymph nodes that have cancer
modified is the most common type

23
Q

what nerve controls the lower lip movement

A

marginal nerve

24
Q

what nerve aids in shoulder mobility and raising the arm over the head

A

spinal accessory

25
what nerve controls movement of one vocal cord
vagus nerve
26
what is Achalasia & its s/s
ineffective moving of esophagus where pt has dysphagia, regurgitation, & pyrosis (heartburn)
27
chest pain after eating food is most likely what
esophageal spasm
28
what is the nissen surgery done for?
sliding hiatal hernia
29
the outpouches at top of esophagus are called what
esophageal diverticula
30
Incomplete tear in esophagus from vomiting, trauma, untreated reflux
Mallory-weiss syndrome
31
Complete tear in esophagus leading to a triad of symptoms
Boerhaave’s syndrome
32
backward flow of stomach contents (acid) into esophagus is called what
GERD
33
what bacteria turns into ulcers
h pylori
34
what puts someone at risk for pernicious anemia?
decreased absorption of vitamin b12
35
what is the best time to each a client to take PPIs?
30 mins before a meal
36
what type of hernia needs emergency surgery
strangulated hernia
37
where is the most common site for diverticulitis
sigmoid colon
38
name foods that have gluten in them that people with celiac disease should avoid
yeast rolls, beer, lipstick, pizza, toothpaste, communion wafers
39
what is tenesmus
the feeling that you need to pass stools, even though your bowels are already empty
40
what is paralytic ileus
A condition in which the muscles of the intestines do not allow food to pass through, resulting in a blocked intestine.
41
where is vitamin B12 absorbed
distal ileum
42
what is the base solution of TPN
The solution contains protein, carbohydrates (in the form of glucose), fat, vitamins, and minerals
43
what is pernicious anemia
a deficiency in the production of red blood cells through a lack of vitamin B12
44
adenocarcinoma
colorectal cancer
45
a stone obstructing bile outflow is what type of cholecystits
calculous
46
acute gallbladder inflammation occurring from major trauma or surgery
acalculus cholecystitis
47
antienemics are used for what
control nausea