med surg exam 5.1

Question 1

what is the main function of the GI system

Answer 1

digestion of the body’s nutrients and elimination of wastes

Question 2

what breaks down food into dissolvable components & aids in digesting bacteria

Answer 2

HCL (hydrochloric acid)

Question 3

what stomach enzyme aids in protein digestion

Answer 3

pepsin

Question 4

what combines with V B12 so that the vit can be absorbed in the ileum

Answer 4

intrinsic factor

Question 5

what is the order of assessment for the GI system

Answer 5

inspection
auscultation
palpation
percussion

Question 6

what is the most common cause of anemia in adults

Answer 6

GI bleeds

Question 7

what lab study can indicate the risk for fatty liver disease

Answer 7

triglycerides

Question 8

what test can be used to evaluate carbohydrate absorption and bacterial overgrowth of h. pylori in the intestine

Answer 8

breath tests

Question 9

what test detects radiation emitted from radioactive substances that were injected thru IV and detects the extent of the spread cancers (metastases)

Answer 9

positron emission tomography

Question 10

what tube is inserted through the mouth and ends in the stomach

Answer 10

orogastric tube

Question 11

what tube is inserted through the nose and ends in the stomach

Answer 11

nasogastric NGT

Question 12

what tube is inserted through the mouth beyond the pylorus and into the small intestine

Answer 12

oroenteric tube

Question 13

what tube is inserted through the nose and into the small intestine ending in either the duodenum or the jejunum

Answer 13

nasoenteric tube

Question 14

what kind of tubes are used when the esophagus and stomach need to be bypassed or when aspiration is a big concern

Answer 14

enteric tubes

Question 15

periapical abscess

Answer 15

bacteria got into root canal and the swelling causes radiating pain and needs to be removed by draining or tooth removal
keep clean and give antibiotics

Question 16

generalized term for anything that irritates the inside of the mouth

Answer 16

stomatitis

Question 17

what is sialidenitis

Answer 17

inflammation or blockage in salivary gland
swollen around jaw & neck
caution airway
treat w sour stuff, massage, warm compress

Question 18

what is xerostomia

Answer 18

dry mouth

Question 19

what is odynophagia

Answer 19

painful swallowing

Question 20

what is Sialagogues

Answer 20

substances that trigger saliva flow like hard candy or lemon juice

Question 21

what is halitosis

Answer 21

bad smelling breath

Question 22

what is a radical neck dissection and which type is the most common

Answer 22

surgery done to remove lymph nodes that have cancer
modified is the most common type

Question 23

what nerve controls the lower lip movement

Answer 23

marginal nerve

Question 24

what nerve aids in shoulder mobility and raising the arm over the head

Answer 24

spinal accessory

Question 25

what nerve controls movement of one vocal cord

Answer 25

vagus nerve

Question 26

what is Achalasia & its s/s

Answer 26

ineffective moving of esophagus where pt has dysphagia, regurgitation, & pyrosis (heartburn)

Question 27

chest pain after eating food is most likely what

Answer 27

esophageal spasm

Question 28

what is the nissen surgery done for?

Answer 28

sliding hiatal hernia

Question 29

the outpouches at top of esophagus are called what

Answer 29

esophageal diverticula

Question 30

Incomplete tear in esophagus from vomiting, trauma, untreated reflux

Answer 30

Mallory-weiss syndrome

Question 31

Complete tear in esophagus leading to a triad of symptoms

Answer 31

Boerhaave’s syndrome

Question 32

backward flow of stomach contents (acid) into esophagus is called what

Answer 32

GERD

Question 33

what bacteria turns into ulcers

Answer 33

h pylori

Question 34

what puts someone at risk for pernicious anemia?

Answer 34

decreased absorption of vitamin b12

Question 35

what is the best time to each a client to take PPIs?

Answer 35

30 mins before a meal

Question 36

what type of hernia needs emergency surgery

Answer 36

strangulated hernia

Question 37

where is the most common site for diverticulitis

Answer 37

sigmoid colon

Question 38

name foods that have gluten in them that people with celiac disease should avoid

Answer 38

yeast rolls, beer, lipstick, pizza, toothpaste, communion wafers

Question 39

what is tenesmus

Answer 39

the feeling that you need to pass stools, even though your bowels are already empty

Question 40

what is paralytic ileus

Answer 40

A condition in which the muscles of the intestines do not allow food to pass through, resulting in a blocked intestine.

Question 41

where is vitamin B12 absorbed

Answer 41

distal ileum

Question 42

what is the base solution of TPN

Answer 42

The solution contains protein, carbohydrates (in the form of glucose), fat, vitamins, and minerals

Question 43

what is pernicious anemia

Answer 43

a deficiency in the production of red blood cells through a lack of vitamin B12

Question 44

adenocarcinoma

Answer 44

colorectal cancer

Question 45

a stone obstructing bile outflow is what type of cholecystits

Answer 45

calculous

Question 46

acute gallbladder inflammation occurring from major trauma or surgery

Answer 46

acalculus cholecystitis

Question 47

antienemics are used for what

Answer 47

control nausea