Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

nursing > psych exam 2 > Flashcards

psych exam 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Pharmacology flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

an abnormally persistently elevated mood, expansive mood, or irritable mood

A

mania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what mood is the lack of restraints in expression, overvalued self-importance

A

expansive mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a distinct period of mania is called what

A

manic episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is mood lability

A

rapid shifts in mood with little or no change in external events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how long does hypomania last

A

4-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

rank the levels of bipolar disorder

A

biolar 1 = most severe
bipolar 2
cyclothymic disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are some comorbid conditions associated with bipolar disorders

A

anxiety
panic
social phobia
substance use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the goals of bipolar treatment

A
  • priority is safety
  • minimize and prevent either manic or depressive episodes
  • help the patient or family learn about the disorder and how to manage it throughout a lifetime
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pervasive and sustained emotion that colors ones perception of the world and how one functions in it

A

mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the afect of someone is how they express their mood… name the 5 affects

A

blunted
flat
inappropriate
labile
restricted or constricted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a sad, irritable, or empty mood is present with somatic and cognitive changes that interfere with functioning

A

depressive disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many weeks of one or more depressive moods in nearly all activities is when its considered depressive disorder

A

2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 4 main symptoms of major depressive disorder

A

disruption in sleep, appetite, concentration, or energy
psychomotor agitation
excessive guilt or feelings or worthlessness
suicidal ideation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the prime age range for depression

A

18-29

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the main co-occurring disorder associated with depression

A

anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name some risk factors of depression

A

-prior episode of depressions
- family hx
- lack of social support
- lack of coping abilities
- presence of life and environmental stressors
- current substance use or abuse
- medical and/or mental illness comorbidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the main treatment goals for depression

A

-reduce or control symptoms
-improve occupational and psychosocial function
-reduce likeliness of reocurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the 2 main nursing diagnoses for depression

A

imbalance nutrition & risk for suicide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the major depressive disorder that has symptoms lasting for 2 years in adults and 1 year in children

A

persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what depressive disorder has recurring mood swings, feelings of sadness or sensitivity to rejection in the final week prior to menses

A

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what depressive disorder causes severe irritability and outbursts of tempter, begins before the age of 10 and is similar to pediatric bipolar disorder

A

disruptive mood dysphoric disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

whats the difference between NMS and SS

A

NMS: Caused by depleted dopamine due to antipsychotics, resulting in CNS hyperactivity (s/s: Hypertension, fever, sweating, agitation, disorientation, lead pipe muscle rigidity)

SS: too much serotonin from a combo of drugs or supplements (s/s- Mental status changes, agitation, ataxia, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, fever, shivering, diaphoresis, diarrhea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are antihistaminic side affects

A

sedation and weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are anticholinergic side effects

A

blurred vision
dry mouth
constipation
urinary retention
sinus tachycardia
decreased memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is a state in which a person experiences hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized thoughts, speech, or behavior

A

psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

name the time frame of the below disorders:
brief psychotic disorder
schizophreniform
schizophrenia

A

brief psychotic disorder = 2 weeks
schizophreniform = 1-6 months
schizophrenia = more than 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

name the 5 phases of schizophrenia in order

A

prodromal period
acute illness period
stabilization period
recovery period
relapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what phase of schizophrenia is in the teenage years and looks like depression and isolation

A

prodromal period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what phase of schizophrenia is during ages 18-25 and the pt is actually having psychosis and needs medication and/or hospitalization

A

acute illness period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

distorted thoughts
pacing
delusions/ hallucinations
agitated
insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

emotions and behaviors that should be present but are diminished
being motivated
eating
speaking
grooming
socializing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is involved in neurocognitive impairment

A

memory
vigilance
verbal fluency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

repetition of another’s words that is parrot-like and inappropriate

A

echolalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

extremely detailed and lengthy discourse about a topic

A

Circumstantiality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

absence of the normal connectedness of thoughts, ideas, and topics; sudden shifts without apparent relationship to preceding topics

A

Loose associations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the topic of conversation is changed to an entirely different topic that is a logical progression but causes a permanent detour from the original focus

A

Tangentiality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

the topic of conversation changes repeatedly and rapidly, generally after just one sentence or phrase

A

Flight of ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

stringing together words that are not connected in any way

A

Word salad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

words that are made up that have no common meaning and are not recognizable

A

Neologisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

suspiciousness and guardedness that are unrealistic and often accompanied by grandiosity

A

Paranoia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

a belief that neutral stimuli have special meaning to the individual, such as a television commentator who is speaking directly to the individual

A

Referential thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

restricts thinking to the literal and immediate so that the individual has private rules of logic and reasoning that make no sense to anyone else

A

Autistic thinking

43
Q

lack of abstraction in thinking; inability to understand punch lines, metaphors, and analogies

A

Concrete thinking

44
Q

purposeless repetition of words or phrases

A

Verbigeration

45
Q

use of words with similar meanings interchangeably

A

Metonymic speech

46
Q

repetition of words or phrases that are similar in sound but in no other way, for example, “right, light, sight, might”

A

Clang association

47
Q

overly and inappropriately artificial formal language

A

Stilted language

48
Q

speaking as if the words are being forced out

A

Pressured speech

49
Q

behaviors or attitudes that reflect rage, hostility, and the potential for physical or verbal destructiveness (usually comes about if the person believes someone is going to do them harm)

A

Aggression

50
Q

inability to sit still or attend to others, accompanied by heightened emotions and tension

A

Agitation

51
Q

psychomotor disturbances, such as stupor, mutism, posturing, or repetitive behavior

A

Catatonia

52
Q

a hyperactivity characterized by purposeless activity and abnormal movements, such as grimacing and posturing

A

Catatonic excitement

53
Q

involuntary imitation of another person’s movements and gestures

A

Echopraxia

54
Q

behaving in a manner of a less mature life stage; childlike and immature behavior

A

Regressed behavior

55
Q

repetitive purposeless movements that are idiosyncratic to the individual and to some degree outside of the individual’s control

A

Stereotypy

56
Q

sustained attention to external stimuli as if expecting something important or frightening to happen

A

Hypervigilance

57
Q

posture held in an odd or unusual fixed position for extended periods of time

A

Waxy flexibility

58
Q

what are the 2 comorbidities associated with schizophrenia

A

substance abuse & depression

59
Q

what is the main neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia

A

dopamine hyperactivity (serotonin also)

60
Q

what kind of stress leads to physiologic overload which leads to a negative impact on health

A

acute stress

61
Q

what kind of stress is clearly linked to negative health outcomes

A

chronic stress

62
Q

what kind of stress model is associated with development or exacerbation of mental illness

A

diathesis- stress model

63
Q

what is the dynamic regulation of homeostasis

A

allostasis

64
Q

what is the consequence of wear and tear on the body and brain that leads to ill health

A

allostatic load

65
Q

increased levels of what results in stress

A

cortisol

66
Q

what 2 factors determine if a person experiences a stress response

A

appraisal
person-environment relationship

67
Q

what is the consideration of demands, constraints, resources, and personal goals and beliefs

A

appraisal

68
Q

what is the difference between primary and secondary appraisal

A

primary = evaluation of events as a threat, harm, or challenge
secondary= explanation of the outcome of events

69
Q

what 3 factors go into determining the person-environment relationship

A

1-values and goals
2- personality type (type a,b,c,d)
3- physical and social environment

70
Q

what emotions occur when there is a threat to, delay in, or thwarting of a goal or a conflict between goals: anger, fright, anxiety, guilt, shame, sadness, envy, jealousy, and disgust.

A

Negative emotions

71
Q

what emotions describe emotional reactions that are too ambiguous to fit into any of the preceding categories: confidence, awe, confusion, and excitement

A

nonemotions

72
Q

what emotions are somewhat ambiguous: hope, compassion, empathy, sympathy, and contentment.

A

Borderline emotions

73
Q

what emotions occur when there is movement toward or attainment of a goal: happiness, pride, relief, and love.

A

positive emotions

74
Q

deliberate, planned, and psychological activity to manage stressful demands is called what

A

coping

75
Q

what are the 2 types of coping

A

problem focused - changes the person-environment relationship
emotion focused - changes the meaning of the situation

76
Q

adaptation effects what 3 areas

A

healthy coping
psychological well-being
social functioning

77
Q

the internal affective state that may or may no be expressed in overt behavior; if expressed, can be constructive or destructive

A

anger

78
Q

excessive outwardly directed anger or suppressed anger

A

maladaptive anger

79
Q

t/f anger is often a secondary emotion

A

true

80
Q

these characteristic behaviors represent what type of anger expression:
Feeling anxious when anger is aroused
Acting as though nothing happened
Withdrawing from people when angry
Conveying anger nonverbally by body language
Sulking, pouting, or ruminating

A

anger suppression

81
Q

these characteristic behaviors represent what type of anger expression:
Flying off the handle
Expressing anger in an attacking or blaming way
Yelling, saying nasty things
Calling the other person names or using profanity
Using fists rather than words to express angry feelings

A

unhealthy outward anger expression

82
Q

these characteristic behaviors represent what type of anger expression:
Discussing the anger with a friend or family member even if the provocateur cannot be confronted at the time
Approaching the person with whom one is angry and discussing the concern directly
Using “I” language to describe feelings and request changes in another’s behavior

A

constructive anger discussion

83
Q

avoiding provoking stimuli, self-monitoring, stimulus control, response disruption, guided practice, and relaxation training are all what kind of anger interventions

A

behavioral interventions

84
Q

what kind of anger intervention is for dysfunctional but nonviolent anger

A

psychoeducational intervention

85
Q

the overt behavior intended to hurt, take advantage or control over someone verbally or physically is called what

A

aggression

86
Q

the physical aspect of aggression means what

A

slapping or hitting things (not the person they’re angry at & causing property damage

87
Q

what aggression is when the frontal cortex doesnt rein in the amygdala resulting in behavior comparable to a “wild horse”

A

impulsive aggression

88
Q

what aggression is premeditation, unrelated to person’s pain

A

instrumental aggression

89
Q

the use of strong force or weapons to inflict bodily harm to another in extreme aggression is called what

A

violence

90
Q

all violence = aggression

A

NOT all aggression = violence

91
Q

what is the name of the aggression-related gene

A

“warrior gene”
monoamine oxidase A

92
Q

what psychological theory is the suppression of drives

A

psychoanalytic theories

93
Q

what psychological theory is the learned response to stimulus; frustration-aggression hypothesis

A

behavioral theories

94
Q

what psychological theory is the participation in an environment that rewards aggression

A

social learning theory

95
Q

name some characteristics of unit culture and staff behavior that predict patient violence

A

strict rules
Lack of pt privacy or boundaries
Strict authority
Lack of patient control over the treatment plan
Denial of patient requests or privileges
Lack of meaningful and predictable activities
Insufficient help with ADLs and other needs from staff
Power struggles related to medications
Failure of staff to listen or convey empathy

96
Q

what are the 3 steps to managing imminent aggression and violence

A

1- de-escalation
2- PRN med administration and monitoring
3- avoidance of the use of seclusion and restraints

97
Q

what occurs when there is a perceived challenge or threat that overwhelms the capacity of the individual to cope effectively with the event

A

crisis

98
Q

what is a time-limited event triggering adaptive or nonadaptive responses to maturational, situational, or traumatic experiences

A

crisis

99
Q

name the 3 types of crisis

A

developmental = during puberty
situational = loss of job
traumatic = death of friend

100
Q

what is the intense, emotional reaction to the loss of a loved one; biopsychosocial response that often includes spontaneous expression of pain, sadness, and desolation

A

grief responses

101
Q

what is the process of mourning and coping with the loss of a loved one beginning immediately after the loss but possibly lasting months or years

A

bereavement process

102
Q

what are the 5 stages of grief

A

1- shock and disbelief
2- awareness of loss
3- conservation - withdrawal
4- healing
5- renewal

103
Q

what are the 3 types of grief

A

uncomplicated (most common)
traumatic (external factors make it worse)
complicated (chronic mourning)

104
Q

lithium patients need what

A

to be adequately hydrated and eat adequate sodium in their diets

nursing (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions