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psych > Psych Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Psych Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dendrites

A

receive info from other neurons

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2
Q

Axon

A

sends info to other neurons

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3
Q

terminal buttons

A

release neurotransmitters

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4
Q

myelin sheath

A

covers and insulates the axon

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5
Q

nodes of rancier

A

gaps in sheath

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6
Q

synapse

A

small gap between terminal buttons of one neuron and dendrites of another neuron

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7
Q

neurons communicate…

A

electrochemically

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8
Q

electrical signals occur..

A

within the neuron (action potential)

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9
Q

chemical signals occur… between neurons

A

between neurons (neurotransmitter)

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10
Q

ion

A

molecule that carries an electric charge

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11
Q

Process of Neural communication

A

neuron is stimulated by the environment
cellmembrane becomes permeable
leads to a rapid increase in charge
when it reaches a threshold, releases action potential down axon
AC reaches the terminal button
TB releases a neurotransmitter into synapse
NT binds to receptor cites on post synaptic neurons

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12
Q

Action Potential

A

brief electrical charge that travels down the axon

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13
Q

refractory period

A

brief period after action potential when the neuron cannot fire

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14
Q

Neuro transmitter

A

chemical that transmits electrical acticity

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15
Q

Acetycholine

A

muscle action, learning, memory

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16
Q

seratonin

A

sleep and mood regulation, appetite, temperature, pain supression

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17
Q

dopanine

A

voluntary movement, though, emotion, reward, pleasure

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18
Q

endorphines

A

reduce pain increase pleasure

natural opiates

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19
Q

central nervous system

A

CNS, brain and spinal chord

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20
Q

periphrerial nervous system

A

PNS sensory and motor neurons tha

21
Q

nerves

A

bundles of axons

22
Q

sensory neurons

A

messages from body to CNS

23
Q

motor neurons

A

messages from cns to body

24
Q

interneurons

A

communicate between sensory and motor neurons

25
Q

somatic nervous system

A

voluntary muscle control

26
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

control involuntary process

27
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight-or-flight

28
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

calms body, conserves energy

29
Q

spinal chord

A

connects peripheral nervous system to the brain

30
Q

Brain Stem

A

involuntary movement, medulla, pons

31
Q

medulla

A

heartbeat, breathing

32
Q

pons

A

movement

33
Q

thalamus

A

senses, relay station

34
Q

cerebellum

A

coordination, balance, movement, learning, memory

35
Q

limbic system

A

hypothalamus, amygdala

36
Q

hypothalamus

A

basic survival drives, hunger, thirst, sex drives

37
Q

amygdala

A

controls negative emotion, fear agressions, fight/flight responses

38
Q

hipocampus

A

learning/ memory

39
Q

cortex

A

higher cognitive functions, 2 hemispheres connectd by corpus callosum

40
Q

frontal lobe

A

motor cortex, movement, reasoning, planning

41
Q

parietal lobe

A

pain, pressure, senses, awareness of the body

42
Q

occipital

A

vison

43
Q

temporal

A

hearing

44
Q

laterializtion

A

2 sides serving different functions

45
Q

contralateral orginization

A

each side controls the opposite side

46
Q

plasticity

A

brain can change

47
Q

damage to frontal lobe

A

lose moral compass

48
Q

broca’s area

A

production problem

49
Q

wernickes area

A

comprehension problems

psych (13 decks)

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