Proxemics

Question 1

Proxemics

Answer 1

How we utilize and occupy space

Question 2

Territory

Answer 2

a fixed geographical area that is occupied, controlled, and defended by a person or group as their exclusive domain
-Often houses valuable resources or possessions
-Allows owner(s) some level of privacy

Question 3

territoriality and the 4 spaces

Answer 3

Ownership of space
-body territory, primary territories, secondary territories, public territories

Question 4

Body territory

Answer 4

a person’s physical body as well as personal space bubble

Question 5

primary territories

Answer 5

territories that belong to someone/a group

Question 6

Secondary territories

Answer 6

semipublic but some people are more likely to occupy it than others

Question 7

Public territories

Answer 7

open for use by anyone

Question 8

Personal space

Answer 8

an invisible adjustable bubble of space that people carry around with them

Question 9

What is crowding associated with

Answer 9

More stress/discomfort
More dissatisfaction and tension
More violence and maladaptive behavior
Less satisfaction with shopping experiences

Question 10

Spatial crowding

Answer 10

related to the number of nonhuman elements in the environment(clothing racks, products on display, etc)

Question 11

Social crowding

Answer 11

the number of people and interactions in the environment

Question 12

Positive effects of crowding

Answer 12

people feel excitement rather than discomfort(sport events, political events, parties, etc)
Close proximity can be a sign of attraction
Nonverbal immediacy behaviors

Question 13

Define Nonverbal immediacy behaviors

Answer 13

behaviors that signal approachability, convery interpersonal warmth, are arousing, and create both psychological and physical closeness(smiling, touch, eye contact, social distancing)

Question 14

density

Answer 14

number of people who occupy a certain territory and can be measured in terms of the number of people per square foot or square mile

Question 15

Conversational distances(Intimate, personal, social, public)

Answer 15

Intimate: 0-1.5 ft
Personal: 1.5-4 ft
Social: 4-12 ft
Public: 12+ft

Question 16

Disadvantages of proxemics

Answer 16

It can be difficult to maintain control over proxemics in certain situations(crowded buses)
Dependent on complex social rules that can be different between cultures, sexes, and personalities

Question 17

Advantages of proxemics

Answer 17

Can send clear messages that are easier to interpret than other channels

Question 18

Gender and proxemics

Answer 18

-men take up more personal space
-women adapt closer interaction distance and show more nonverbal immediacy than men

Question 19

Personality factors and proxemics(self esteem, social anxiety, openness, dominance)

Answer 19

-High self esteem=more likely to approach people closely
-High social anxiety=want more distance
-More openness=prefer closer distances
-More dominance=prefer closer personal space

Question 20

Culture and proxemics

Answer 20

Cultures may differ in their perceptions of what is too crowded
-However, cultures do not differ in the actual impact of crowding on their mental health