expressing emotions-2 Flashcards

(41 cards)

1
Q

emotional experience

A

internal, intrapersonal part of emotion

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1
Q

emotion

A

feelings that involve physiological responses, changes in thoughts and actions, and personal evaluation

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2
Q

emotional expression

A

external, interpersonal part of emotion

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3
Q

James-Lange theory

A

emotions arise from physiological arousal
-exp-stimulus is a bear apprroaching, bodily response is increased heart rate, emotion is the feeling of fear

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4
Q

cannon-bard theory

A

physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, yet independently
-exp-stimulus is a bear approaching, brain processes in specific regions creat the emotional feeling of fear and the bodily response of increased heart rate separately

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5
Q

Schacter-singer two factor theory

A

emotions are comprised of both physiological and cognitive factors
Physiology arousal is interpreted in context to produce the emotional experience

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6
Q

Basic emotions approach

A

centered around the universal thesis, or proposition that people around the world are hardwired to experience and express certain basic emotions similarly

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7
Q

in terms of basic emotions, explain what discrete means

A

distinguishable based on differences in facial expressions, vocalics, physiological response, and the events that precede them

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8
Q

In terms of basic emotions, explain what adaptive means

A

evolved for some survival purpose

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9
Q

Emotion prototypes approach, and what is a prototype

A

people have families or clusters of emotions with prototypical emotions that serve as an anchor for each emotion family
-Prototype-an average/idea representation of a pattern or category

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10
Q

Levels of the emotion prototype approach

A

Level 1-positive or negative affect
Level 2-prototypical emotion of each category
Level 3-specific emotions related to the prototypical emotion

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11
Q

explain the 2 vs 3 dimensions approaches

A

2 dimensional model-includes an active-to-passive dimension and an unpleasant-to-pleasant dimension
3 dimensional model-includes scale of activity, pleasantness, and intensity

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12
Q

russels circuplex model and the dimensions

A

-includes 2 dimensions-activity and valence
—-Activity dimension-how aroused or relaxed a person is compared to normal when experiencing an emotion
—-Valence dimension-degree to which people experience pleasant or unpleasant feelings with the emotion

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13
Q

Affect as information theory

A

people use their current moods to make decisions, judgments, and appraisals even if they do not know the source of their moods

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14
Q

decision making

A

emotions influence our decision-making in different ways
Emotions affect judgments

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15
Q

action tendencies

A

innate, biological impulses that prompt people to respond
-for example, when one has the emotion of anger, the action tendency is to attack

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16
Q

emotional contagion effect(and the stages)

A

process of “catching” anothers emotions
Stage 1-people mimic the nonverbal emotional expressions of others
Stage 2-act of expressing emotions provide feedback to the brain, activating the emotion that the person is outwardly expressing
Stage 3-people “catch” emotions

17
Q

Display rules

A

rules that are learned through socialization and that dictate what emotions are suitable in certain situations-culturally vary

18
Q

stimulation

A

-a common cultural display rule
-acting like you feel an emotion when you really dont feel anything
Inhibition-acting like you do not feel any emotion when you actually feel something

19
Q

exaggeration

A

-a common cultural display rule
-acting like you feel an emotion more intensely that you really do

20
Q

Minimization

A

-a common cultural display rule
-acting like you feel an emotion less intensely than you actually do

21
Q

Masking

A

-a common cultural display rule
-acting like you feel a different emotion than you actually feel

22
Q

What are the most important emotional cues

A

eyes and mouths

23
Q

Nonverbal channels for emotional expression

A

Nonverbal channels for emotional expression-face, voice, body, activity cue, physiological cues
–People rely most of facial and vocal cues
–People rely least on physiological cues

24
static facial signals
permanent facial features such as bone structure of skin color
25
slow facial signals
facial cues that gradually change over time such as twinkles, skin texture
26
rapid facial signals
involve all of the facial movements that people make when expressing emotion
27
Microexpressions
rapid facial expressions that last ⅕ of a second or less
28
fundamental frequency
indexes the number of sound-wave vibrations produced per second
29
what does more vibrations in the voice produce
higher pitch
30
What do more varied vibrations in the voice produce
A more animated voice
31
Vocal characteristics of emotional expressions(just study a few times)
Happiness: moderately loud and varied volume, fast tempo, moderately high pitch with large pitch variation Sadness: low volume, slow tempo, low pitch or monotone when speaking, high pitch crying Fear: loud and high pitch (if in attack mode), quiet and small pitch variation (if in escape mode), fast tempo Anger: loud volume, fast tempo, high and rising pitch level (if frustrated), low pitch level with little variation (if annoyed) Surprise: fast tempo and high pitch level Disgust: slow tempo and small pitch variation with rising pitch
32
Gait(also what is sad gait and happy gait)
the way people move when they walk --Sad gait-less arm swinging --Happy gait-bouncier steps and a faster pace
33
Body positioning cues
-Folding one arm across ones chest=displeasure -Slumped shoulders=sadness -Shuffling feet=nervousness
34
Activity cues
general actions that show emotion
35
reappraisal
directly altering emotional reactions to events by thinking about those events in more neutral terms
36
facial feedback hypothesis
proposes that your facial expression affects your emotional experience
37
Thought suppression
trying not to feel or respond to the emotion at all
38
Rumination
thinking about, elaborating, or focusing on undesired thoughts or feelings -rebound effect is connected
39
Distraction
-involves doing or thinking about something other than the troubling activity or thought
40
rebound effect
suppressing a thought leads to thinking about it more and more -connected with thought suppression