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FISH 241 > protozoan terminology > Flashcards

protozoan terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Symbiosis: definition and 3 types and definition

A

“living together” an association of two species (symbionts)

  • Mutualism: co-dependance (+/+)
  • Commensalism: sharing (0/+)
  • Parasitism: (-/+)
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2
Q

Symbiosis: definition and 3 types and definition

A

“living together” an association of two species (symbionts)

  • Mutualism: co-dependance (+/+)
  • Commensalism: sharing (0/+)
  • Parasitism: (-/+)
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3
Q

what is the continuum of symbiosis?

A

parasitism>commensalism>mutulalism>freeliving

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4
Q

Parasitism:

A

type of symbiosis whereby one (parasite) is METABOLICALLY DEPENDANT on another (host)

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5
Q

is ‘parasite’ a functional label or a taxon

A

functional label

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6
Q

what is the correlation between parasites and evolutionary behavior

A

parasite needs a host. as the host evolves so must a parasite

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7
Q

what is a trend with parasitism?

A

maximize parasite reproduction and minimize host damage

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8
Q

Endoparasite

A

parasite lives INSIDE host (stomach, blood, muscle)

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9
Q

Ectoparasite

A

parasite lives ON the host’s body

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10
Q

Definitive host:

A

host where sexual reproduction occurs

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11
Q

Intermediate host:

A

carries developing SEXUALLY IMMATURE stages

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12
Q

Transport/paratenic host

A

carries parasite, NO DEVELOPMENT

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13
Q

accidental host

A

atypical host, usually much pathology, sometimes mortality

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14
Q

host specificity (2 types)

A

the ability of a parasite to infect different species

  • Specialist: infect only one host species as the definitive host
  • Generalist: infect several host species as the def. host
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15
Q

Direct (monoxenous) life cycle

A

parasite transmitted directly from one DEFINITIVE HOST TO ANOTHER

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16
Q

indirect (heteroxenous) life cycle

A

the parasite is transmitted to one or more INTERMEDIATE HOSTS before the definitive host is infected

(relies heavily on predator/prey relationship)

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17
Q

zoonosis

A

transmission of an animal parasite to HUMANS

18
Q

epizootic

A

rapid, uncontrollable spread of a disease amon a WILD population

19
Q

hyperparatism**

A

a parasite that carries another parasite

20
Q

problem with introduced (exotic) species in relation to parasites

A

native parasites show more sever effects in new species.

-rapid spread of disease (lack period of coevolution)

21
Q

example of host behavior modification

A

sheep eats crass, worm in gut, released in feces, eggin feces, eaten by snail, develops in snail, snail poops it out, gets eaten by ant, develops further in ant, takes over brain, makes the ant change behavior so that is easily eaten by sheep.

22
Q

what is the continuum of symbiosis?

A

parasitism>commensalism>mutulalism>freeliving

23
Q

Parasitism:

A

type of symbiosis whereby one (parasite) is METABOLICALLY DEPENDANT on another (host)

24
Q

is ‘parasite’ a functional label or a taxon

A

functional label

25
Q

what is the correlation between parasites and evolutionary behavior

A

parasite needs a host. as the host evolves so must a parasite

26
Q

what is a trend with parasitism?

A

maximize parasite reproduction and minimize host damage

27
Q

Endoparasite

A

parasite lives INSIDE host (stomach, blood, muscle)

28
Q

Ectoparasite

A

parasite lives ON the host’s body

29
Q

Definitive host:

A

host where sexual reproduction occurs

30
Q

Intermediate host:

A

carries developing SEXUALLY IMMATURE stages

31
Q

Transport/paratenic host

A

carries parasite, NO DEVELOPMENT

32
Q

accidental host

A

atypical host, usually much pathology, sometimes mortality

33
Q

host specificity (2 types)

A

the ability of a parasite to infect different species

  • Specialist: infect only one host species as the definitive host
  • Generalist: infect several host species as the def. host
34
Q

Direct (monoxenous) life cycle

A

parasite transmitted directly from one DEFINITIVE HOST TO ANOTHER

35
Q

indirect (heteroxenous) life cycle

A

the parasite is transmitted to one or more INTERMEDIATE HOSTS before the definitive host is infected

(relies heavily on predator/prey relationship)

36
Q

zoonosis

A

transmission of an animal parasite to HUMANS

37
Q

epizootic

A

rapid, uncontrollable spread of a disease amon a WILD population

38
Q

hyperparatism**

A

a parasite that carries another parasite

39
Q

problem with introduced (exotic) species in relation to parasites

A

native parasites show more sever effects in new species.

-rapid spread of disease (lack period of coevolution)

40
Q

example of host behavior modification

A

sheep eats crass, worm in gut, released in feces, eggin feces, eaten by snail, develops in snail, snail poops it out, gets eaten by ant, develops further in ant, takes over brain, makes the ant change behavior so that is easily eaten by sheep.

41
Q

name the three facts of parasitism

A
  • more parasites than free living organisms in the world
  • parasitism has evolved independently in nearly every anmal phylum
  • if you are not a host you are a parasite

FISH 241 (18 decks)

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