mini quiz 4 -ch 6 Flashcards by Monica Redmond

What is more problematic for diagnosing bacteria; gram negative or gram positve

gram neg

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what kind of cells are bacteria?

Prokaryotic - lack membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

are bacteria heterotrophs or autotrophs?

both. photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

benefits and disadvantages of bacteria

B: decomposers, fermentation, n-fixers, pesticides, food.
D: parasitic, PATHOGENIC, decompoers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how many genera of bacteria are there?

15+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

gram pos stains what colour?

purple

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what shape are bacteria?

cocci or spiral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

name culture and bacterial tests

culture media: general, enrichment, selective or differential.
biochemichal tests: O-F, API-20E

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what sort of Genetic Techniques can be used for bacterial diagnosis?

PCR. not RT-PCR b/c there is no RNA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Features to enhance pathogenicity (for testing/growth)

motility - vibrio
capsules - aromonas
spores - clostridium botulinum
gram pos cell walls - renibacterium
LPS layer - Gram -ve
exotoxins - vibrio, clostridium
endotoxins - vibrio, aeromonas

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

five ways for horizontal transmission

ingestion, contact, accidental, FOMITES, vectors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is a common feature of diseases caused by gram negative bacteria?

Septicimia. toxins released from cell membranes, circulate in blood, turn the blood toxic.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the difference btwn diseases caused by gram neg bacteria and viral diseases, as far as notification goes?

gram-neg caused = annually notifiable to CFIA

viral = reportable

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

LEARN TO COMPARE AND CONTRAST GRAM NEG BACTERIA AND VIRAL DISEASES

compare and contrast question

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

scientific name for furunculosis

aeromonas salmonicida

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what type of water will you find furuncolosis? what life stages does it affect?

fw or sw.

all life stages

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

4 types of infection for furunculosis

peracute
acute
chronic
covert/latent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how do you diagnose furunculosis?

culture: TSA. brown pigment
CBB
OF +/+
stress-induced tests

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

O/F test means what?

oxidative fermentation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how to treat furunculosis

anitibiotics. rare

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how to prevent furunculosis

vaccines (Biojec 1500, Furogen, Lipogen Forte, Advantigen 5.1), smolt screening

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how does atypical furunculosis differ?

no brown pigment. blood agar (BA)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does MAS stand for?

Motile Acromonad Septicimia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

shape of MAS

flagellated baccilus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

shape of Aeromonas

baccilus, cocco-baccilus

OF test for MAS

+/+

what water do you find MAS?

MAS acute at what temp?

20-22

MAS diagnosis:

TSA or BHI

MAS prevention?

good husbandry

Vibrio anguillarum, V. ordalli. cell shape?

flagellated curved baccilus, FACULTATIVE ANAEROBE

v. anguillarum, v. ordalli. OF test

+/+

symptoms of v. anguillarum/ordalli

red spots (vent and lat), lesions. petichiae @ base of fins and skin. distended abdomen. darkened skin. liver hemhorrages

Pathogenicity of v. anguillarum/ordalli

iron uptake, proteases, blood clots, toxins, septicimia

diagnosis of v. anguillarum/ordalli

TSA + 1%salt

Treatment of v. anguillarum/ordalli

antibiotic resistance, prevention via vaccines.

v. anguillarum/ordalli affect which type of fish?

salmonids. halibut, gadoids and european turbot more resistant.

Hitra disease =

V. salmonicida

v. salmonicida diagnosis

TSA + blood

vaccine for v. salmonicida

advantigen 5.1

v. parahaemolyticus, v. tubiashi | WHAT IS IMPORTANT ABOUT THESE?

can affect humans. found in shellfish and humans.

common names for myxobacteria

BGD (bacterial gill disease) and CWD coldwater disease

new generas of myxobacteria

Flavobacterium (f/w), Tenacibaculum (s/w)

myxobacteria = shape

long flexible rods, GLYCOCALYX gram neg

F. branchiophylum (common name) + describe

BGD bacterial gill disease | anorexia, spots become bacteria overgrowth, impairs gill function

F. psychrophilum (common name)

coldwater disease (CWD) rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) fin/tail rot. begins as white lesions. horizontal and vertical transmission

Teacibaculum maritimum: - what type is this? - first signs? - diagnosis? - treatment/prevention?

- myxobacteria, gram neg - rot on mouth, fins, gills. increased mucus. - CA, TA, MHS - good husbandry

ERM Disease =

enteric red mouth disease. gram neg

ERM symptoms:

reddening of throat and mouth, septicimia, exophthalmia

ERM diagnosis, treatment

TSA + 5% blood | vaccine

Salmonid Rickettsial Disease. reportable?

no longer have this on their list. ENDEMIC in canada.

Rickettsial: - what gram? - what type of pathogen? - symptoms? - Diagnosis - treatment

- gram neg - obligate intracellular pathogen - pale gills, renomegaly, nodules in liver, petechiae - CPE, liver lesions, histology FAT PCR - Novartis, pharmaq

BKD: - reportable? - scientific name? - gram? - shape? - affects what fish? - transmission?

- annually - Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs) - positive - bacillus, non motile, intracellular - mostly marine wild and cultureed salmon - vertical and horizontal

BKD: - symptoms? - pathogenesis? - diagnosis (best)? - treatment?

- darkened skin, swollen abdomne, exophthalmia, lesions in all organs, grey nodules in kidney, splenomegaly. everything. - P57 antigen enzymes. Immunosuppression. - ELISA, Culture(KDM), Q-PCR - erythromycein, renogen

Fish Tuberculosis (TB) - Mycobacteriosis: - new scientific name - affects what kind of fish - symptoms - affect humans?

- M. salmoniphilum - ornamental fish v. common. some wild fish (cod, halibut, mackerel, striped bass) - pale color, nodules on organs. bent spine, exophthalmia - aquarists finger. pulmonary disease - gram pos

bacterial diseases in shellfish: - name some - gram neg/pos - affects what spp

- vibrio alginolyticus, v. tubiashi, vibrio spp - gram neg - oysters, clams, scallops, abalone - Gaffkernia (red tail diserase) from Aerococcus - gram pos - lobsters

are bacterial diseases more common in the wild or in cultured fish?

v. rarely found in farmed fish due to vaccines

are bacterial diseases a serious problem? why/why not?

not as serious as in the past | treatment and PREVENTION techniques available

which diseases affect atlantics? | which diseases affect pacifics?

ats: furunculosis and myxobacteria pacs: bkd and rickettsia

what is a main cause of bacterial disease?

stress

6 features that add to the pathogenecity of bacteria

- motility - capsules - spores - gram+ cell walls - LPS layer - glycocalyx - toxins

furunculosis is often a problematic disease why?

- obligate - horizontal trans - hydrophobic - attacks all life stages

furunculosis is names after what?

furuncles, blisters