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FISH 241 > Chapter 9 - parasitic protozoan diseases > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - parasitic protozoan diseases Flashcards

1
Q

features of a protist

A
  • eukaryotic, single celled (most), colonial or mutilcellular
  • partly classified via cilia, flagella, psudopodia
  • many ectoparasitic, direct life cycle, reproduce by binary fission
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2
Q

features of a protist

A
  • eukaryotic, single celled (most), colonial or mutilcellular
  • partly classified via cilia, flagella, psudopodia
  • many ectoparasitic, direct life cycle, reproduce by binary fission
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3
Q

what is the most common life cycle for protists?

A

direct life cycle

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4
Q

what is the most common form of reproduction for protists?

A

binary fission

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5
Q

phylum ciliophora: what does this phylum represent?

A

‘hair bearing’ protists.

-cilia on pellicle, two nuclei (micro, macro), cytostome, sexual and asexual reproduction

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6
Q

Ich - Ichthyophtirius multifiliis

-symptoms

A

small, grey-white spots on skin and gills, fish at surface, ‘flash’, listless, large protozoans (~1mm)

fw (sw sp. I.marinus, Cryptocaryon irritans)

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7
Q

ich treatment

A

formalin, salt + other chemicals ie garlic

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8
Q

ich pathology

A

TROPHOZOITE (adult parasites) feed on skin and gill epithelia; ulcers and secondary bacterial infection/mucus/renomegaly, splenomegaly

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9
Q

why are ectoparasites related to enlarged kidneys?

A

common trait. osmoregulation impared, kidney going into overdrive to combat this.

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10
Q

what is the most common life cycle for protists?

A

direct life cycle

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11
Q

what is the most common form of reproduction for protists?

A

binary fission

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12
Q

phylum ciliophora: what does this phylum represent?

A

‘hair bearing’ protists.

-cilia on pellicle, two nuclei (micro, macro), cytostome, sexual and asexual reproduction

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13
Q

Ich - Ichthyophtirius multifiliis

-symptoms

A

small, grey-white spots on skin and gills, fish at surface, ‘flash’, listless, large protozoans (~1mm)

fw (sw sp. I.marinus, Cryptocaryon irritans)

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14
Q

ich treatment

A

formalin, salt + other chemicals ie garlic

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15
Q

ich pathology

A

TROPHOZOITE (adult parasites) feed on skin and gill epithelia; ulcers and secondary bacterial infection/mucus/renomegaly, splenomegaly

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16
Q

why are ectoparasites related to enlarged kidneys?

A

common trait. osmoregulation impared, kidney going into overdrive to combat this.

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17
Q

Trichodiniosis.

  • common among which sort of fish?
  • symptoms
A

fw/sw, mostly commensals.
attach to skin and gills, problem when fish are stressed.
-frayed gills, eroded fins, blue slime on body

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18
Q

name three types of trichodiniosis

A

T. truttae; salmonid hatcheries
T. cooperi; cod
T. hippoglossi; halibut

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19
Q

how do you treat trichodiniosis

A

formalin or 1% salt baths

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20
Q

Cryptobiosis - symptoms?

A

anaemia, exophthalmia, splenomegaly, dropsy (swollen abdomen), skin ulcers

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21
Q

cryptobiosis - endo or ecto parasite?

A

endoparasitic

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22
Q

Cryptobiosis - indirect or direct life cycle?

A

indirect via leeches

direct via wound

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23
Q

Cryptobiosis - diagnosis

A

wet-mounts, ELISA, blood smear

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24
Q

Cryptobiosis - prevention

A

raise temp to 20*C, control leeches (chlorine)

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25
Cryptobiosis - what kind of parasite?
hemoflagelate (parasitic of the blood)
26
Costiosis - whats the latin name?
Ichthyobodo necator
27
Cryptobiosis - latin name?
Cryptobia salmositica
28
Renomaglia
enlargement of the kidney
29
Dropsy
swollen abdomen
30
where do you find Costiosis?
global. fw/sw
31
what life cycle for Costiosis?
direct life cycle
32
Costiosis; - diagnosis - symptoms - treatment
- skin smear wet mount, spiral swimming via flagella - flashing, dark pigmentation, weight loss, lethargic, swim at surface, increased mucus - formalin (Parasite-S)
33
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) | -2 species types
Neoparamoeba | Paramoeba
34
AGD (amoebic gill disease) - diagnosis - symptoms - treatment
D: gill smear wet mount histology S: increased mucus (gills), white lesions, lethargic, swim at surface T: freshwater bath, H2O2 (limitations), IMMUNOSTIMULANTS
35
Invertebrate diseases: | name 2 and the type of animal they affect
paramoeba; grey crab, urchin | hematodinium; bitter crab disease. 100%mortalities
36
Phylum Microspora: - intracellular - how do they transmit? - what is their injection apparatus called?
- oral transmission | - POLAR TUBE
37
Phylum MIcrospora: | name the two type of life cycles, and the names unique to this phylum
- DIrect: MEROGONY; produces more parasites (clones) | - SPOROGONY: produces spores
38
Microsporidiosis in fish: | name 3 spp
Loma salmonae Loma branchialis Glugea staphani
39
What is the new phylum proposal for phylum myxozoa?
cnidaria.
40
common name for phylum myxozoa
'puzzling animals'
41
what are the 2 serious type of myxozoan diseases?
WHIRLING DISEASE: Myxobolus (Kudoa) | Proliferative kidney disease (PKD)
42
what are the three phases in most myxozoan life cycles?
Trophozite (amoeba-like) Myxospores Triactinomyxon
43
what is the latin name for whirling disease?
Myxobolus cerebralis
44
FHPR stand for what?
Fish Health Protection Regulations
45
Whirling disease is reportable to whom?
FHPR
46
is whirling disease in canada?
probably. not officially.
47
diagnosis of whirling disease
fish 'whirl', dark pigmentation scoliosis
48
prevention/control of whirling disease
destroy infected fish, examine (quarantine) imported fish, spring fed water, uv light, mud free sites, high flow rates
49
what important test does whirling disease have?
a PCR test
50
what is the flesh-disorder latin name?
Kudoa thyrsites (s/w)
51
what fish spp is very suseptible to Kudoa?
ATL
52
what is the unique diagnostic for kudoa?
post harvest LIQUEFACTION
53
how do you control kudoa?
screening, experimental vaccine
54
Kudoa is characterized by what?
4 valves and 4 polar capsules
55
what does PKD stand for?
Proliferative Kidney Disease
56
what are the symptoms/diagnosis for PKD
weak, dark colour, anemia, dropsy, exophthalmia, lesions, gray kidneys (kidney smear on slides)
57
PKD: | prevention/control
destroy infected fish, lower temperature
58
Certomyxa life cycle invades what of salmon?
digestive system and viscera of salmon
59
what spp is most resistant, what spp is most susceptable for Ceratomyxa?
Sockeye most resistant | RBT most susceptible
60
Kidney Tubule Disease. | -concurrent infections with what two type of diseases?
vibrio and renibacterium
61
Diagnostic of Kidney Tubule Disease
fish are dark, lethargic, ronmegaly, histology, antibody-stains
62
Protozoan parasites are problems when ________ ________ _______ is upset
host parasite balance
63
____parasites often cause osmoregulatory problems
Ectoparasites
64
_____parasites much pathology
Endoparasites
65
________fish most susceptible
larvae/juvenile
66
__________= processing problem, not production
kudoa
67
parasite screening protocols should be routine component of fish husbandry. what two factors are true to this statement? (ok, worded improperly. i know)
- health assessment | - early warning predictors

FISH 241 (18 decks)

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