protozoa of the blood

Question 1

Tripanozoma cruzi is responsible for what dz?

Answer 1

Chaga’s disease

Question 2

Vector for T. cruzi is:

Answer 2

triatomine deposits its faeces on the host’s skin surface “KISSING BUG Reduviidae, PAINLESS BITE . the human scratches so it enters to the blood.

Question 3

When does Chaga´s disease manifests after infection

Answer 3

may be asymptomatic and then 10’20 years later may manifest.

Question 4

How can present Chaga,s?

Answer 4

Megacolon
Dilated mycardiopathy
Mega esophagus

Question 5

Diagnosis of Tripanosoma cruzi is made by

Answer 5

Blood smear.. chronic.. serology

Question 6

Treatment for T. Cruzi is

Answer 6

nifurtimox . no effective tx for chtonic chagas

Question 7

How is Babesiosis transmitted?

Answer 7

ixodes tick (same as lyme dz)

Question 8

What kind of symptoms Babesia gives to pts

Answer 8

Hemtologic’ hemolytic anemia , irrgular fevers

Question 9

Which pts are more symptomatic w- babesiosis and higher risk of severe disease?

Answer 9

Asplenic pts

Question 10

Dx of babesia is by

Answer 10

thick blood smear: maltese cross

Question 11

Tx of babesia

Answer 11

Macrolides

Azithtomycin and Atovaquone

Question 12

How is plasmodium transmitted?

Answer 12

By the anopheles mosquito

Question 13

How is plasmodium diagnosed?

Answer 13

blood smear.

Throphozoyte ring within the RBC

Question 14

How is the fever of Plasmodium Malarie?

Answer 14

72h cycle-quartan

Day has fever. day 4 has fever

Question 15

How is the fever of Plasmodium vivax/ovale ?

Answer 15

48-hr cycle.
fever 1st day
fever 3rd day

Question 16

produce dormant forms in the liver called hypozoites

Answer 16

Plasmodium vivax/ovale

Question 17

This sp. causes the more severe malarian illness

symptoms are

Answer 17

P. falciparum
irregular fever patterns;
parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in brain (cerebral malaria), kidneys, lung

Question 18

What drug do you use for severe P. falciparum infection?

Answer 18

Artemisins (IV artesunate)

Question 19

Life cycle of plasmodium falciparum

Answer 19

Anopheles mosquitoes carries sporozoites in saliva.
When mosquito bites human host, sporozoites travel to Liver where they mature into Trophozoites
Schizont divides into into merozoites which burst from hepatocyte and infect RBCs

Question 20

Leishmania donovani causes the disease:

Answer 20

1. visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar/ black fever)

Question 21

How is Leishmania transmitted

Answer 21

Sand Fly is the vector. Human is host

Question 22

Infective form of Leishmania is______.

And becomes _____ in the host and ends up in the macrophage.

Answer 22

Promazstigote

amastigote

Question 23

Leishmania brazilensis gives rise to

Answer 23

2.Cutaneous leishmaniasis

Question 24

Visceral leishmaniasis presents w/

Answer 24

bone marrow damage, pancytopenia
fevers, weakness
hepatosplenomegaly
remember mastogotes in macrophages

Question 25

What is the tx for leihmaniasis?

Answer 25

Stibugluconate | Ampho B

Question 26

the 2 protozoa that cause hematological infection are

Answer 26

P. falciparum | Babesia

Question 27

cyclic fever, anemia headache and splenomegaly. think in

Answer 27

plasmodium f.

Question 28

p. vivax/ovale. Add this atb _____ bc ______

Answer 28

Primaquine for hipnozote (test for G6PD def)

Question 29

What is black water fever?

Answer 29

p. falciparum severe infection. affecting kidneys(hemoglobinuria)

Question 30

blood smear shows trophozoite ring worm within rbc dx is

Answer 30

malaria

Question 31

pentad of visceral leishmaniasis (black fever) is

Answer 31

darkening of the skin as well as the pentad of fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia

Question 32

First line tx for uncomplicated P. falciparum is

Answer 32

cloroquine

Question 33

P falciparum is resistant to chloroquine treatment except in Resistance is rare in P vivax infection, and P ovale and P malariae remain sensitive to chloroquine.

Answer 33

Haiti, the Dominican Republic, parts of Central America, and parts of the Middle East

Question 34

Resistance ro chlroquine is rare in.

Answer 34

P vivax infection, and P ovale and P malariae remain sensitive to chloroquine.

Question 35

P falciparum malaria resistant to chlroquine is -

Answer 35

quinine /quinidine sulfate + doxycycline or clindamycin ; alternative therapies are artemether-lumefantrine, atovaquone-proguanil, or mefloquine

Question 36

A test for G6PD deficiency should be done before starting on

Answer 36

IV quinidine or artesunate