Proteins Flashcards
Primary structure
sequence of AA in a polypeptide chain
Secondary Structure
the spatial arrangement of AA residues that are NEAR each other in the linear sequence
Translation
forming a covalent bond with the loss of one molecule of water
occurs inside the ribosome
Alpha Helix
telephone cord shape is held in place by H-bonds between every N-H group and the oxygen of the C=O group
Beta pleated sheet
structure is held together by H-bonds between amide groups of linear polypeptide chains
Tertiary Structure
the spatial arrangement of AA residues that are FAR APART in the linear sequence
Ionic interactions
occur between 2 close, oppositely charged R groups
Van der Waals
non-specific, weak attractions between atoms 0.3-0.4nm apart
Hydrogen bonds
permanent
occur when H is bonded to either O, N or F and a lone pair of electrons is present
Hydrophobic interactions
intra-polypeptide interactions which occur in an environment within protein from which water is EXCLUDED
Disulphide Bridge
strong covalent bonds between two cysteine residues
Quaternary Structure
the spatial arrangement of individual polypeptide chains in a multi-subunit protein
Protein Denaturation
disruption and possible destruction of both the primary and secondary structures
Glycoproteins
Compound composed of protein and carbohydrate
Glycosylation
occurs in ER and golgi apparatus
protein stability, affects solubility, signalling
