immunology Flashcards
innate involves
phagocytes
neutrophils
macrophages
adaptive involves
lymphocytes
macrophage engulfs bacterium into a
phagosome
the phagosome then fuses with another vesicle called the
lysosome
lysosomes are full of chemicals and enzymes that will
kill the bacterium
monocytes and macrophages are made in
bone marrow (stem cells)
macrophages are found in
tissues
macrophages give off chemicals that
restrict blood flow away from the site of injury
macrophages produce
cytokines
neutrophils are also involved in
phagocytosis
eosinophil
parasitic infections
allergy and asthma
anaphylactic shock is caused by
mast cell degranulation
mast cells protect against
parasites
mast cells contain
histamine
basophil
store histamine
functions of complement
induce lysis of microbes MAC
promote phagocytosis
stimulate inflammation
cytokinase
chemicals used by cells to communicate with other cells
maturation of T cells and t cell precursors (macrophages, dendritic cells)
thymus
spleen: white pulp has 2 zones
b cell and t cell
spleen: red pulp
function is to filter blood
t cell are responsible for
cell mediated immunity and assisting B cells
CD4 helper and CD8 killer
t helper cells
cannot kill infected cells or pathogens
cytotoxic t cells
when exposed to infeted cells they release perforin
form PORES in target cells
induce apoptosis
Th2 cells
produce different potent cytokines which are regulating mast cells and eosinophil activity
only ……… immune responses generate immunological memory
active
plasma cells are responsible for ………. production
antibody
B cells recognise self AG and
die in the bone marrow by apoptosis
antibody structure light chain and heavy chain
binding region and Fc region
