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Yr1-S1- Science for Medicine > Exam Questions > Flashcards

Exam Questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Energetically unfavorable reactions can only proceed because they are…

A

coupled to catabolic reactions

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2
Q

Nucleotide make up

A

Base
Ribose Sugar
Phosphate

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3
Q

The lipid membrane surrounding Eukaryotes doesn’t contain….

A

ribosomes

it has cholesterol, carbohydrates, ion channels and receptors

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4
Q

The dissociation constant for water is

A

1 x 10 (-14)

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5
Q

Amino acid sequence is described as the …………. structure of a protein

A

primary

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6
Q

An enzyme increases the rate of a spontaneous reaction by…

A

decreasing the activation energy

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7
Q

Monomers of carbohydrates are linked together by,,,,

A

Glycosidic bonds

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8
Q

Catabolism of 1 mol of glucose to lactate generates how many net moles of…

A

2

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9
Q

Ingesting alcohol reduces which of the following intermediates, particularly in the liver

A

NAD+

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10
Q

What is the name of the molecule that transports electrons between complexes III and IV of the electron transport chain?

A

Cytochrome C

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11
Q

ATPase utilizes which of the following mechanisms to generate ATP

A

Binding-change mechanism

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12
Q

Which of the following vitamins is not derived from a lipid?

A

Vitamin C

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13
Q

Which of the following cycles is important in nitrogen metabolism?

A

Glucose-Alanine Cycle

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14
Q

If a person drinks 1 litre of water

A

approx 1/3 will enter extracellular fluid and 2/3 will enter the intracellular fluid

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15
Q

If a person drinks 1 litre of water

A

approx 1/3 will enter extracellular fluid and 2/3 will enter the intracellular fluid

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16
Q

Which of the following statements regarding epithelia is not correct?

A

A simple epithelium is one which contains only one type of cell

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17
Q

The resting membrane potential is directly generated by

A

the permeability of the resting membrane to K+

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18
Q

Which of the following is not an example of a graded potential?

A

Action potential

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19
Q

The end-plate potential is

A

mediated by voltage gated channels

20
Q

The thick filaments of skeletal muscle are composed of

A

Myosin

21
Q

Contraction of skeletal muscles requires

A

release of calcium into the SR

22
Q

An antagonist at a pharmacological receptor

A

high affinity and low efficacy

23
Q

An antagonist at a pharmacological receptor

A

high affinity and low efficacy

24
Q

In the sympathetic NS

A

spinal outflow is thoraco-lumbar

25
Q

Activation of the parasympathetic NS causes

A

an increase in gut motility

26
Q

Drug that does NOT block transmission at the NMJ

A

Neostigmine

27
Q

The physiological significance of co-activation of alpha and gamma motor neurones innervating skeletal muscles is tat is ensure

A

the sensitivity of the muscle spindle is retained

28
Q

Golgi tendon organs are stimulated by

A

increased tension and cause relaxation of the muscle

29
Q

Viral infection would typically cause elevated levels of which blood cell type?

A

Lymphocytes

30
Q

If body sodium intake exceeds sodium output, there will be an increase in intracellular fluid volume

A

FALSE

Excessive intake over output will lead to an increased concentration of sodium in the extracellular fluid. The increased osmolarity will then cause an osmotic efflux of water from the intracellular fluid, causing a decrease in its volume.

31
Q

The linear chain of glucose monomers in starch has a reducing end and a non-reducing end

A

TRUE

32
Q

An increase in entropy is also an increase in randomness

A

TRUE

disorder of a system

33
Q

When 1 mol of glucose is completely catabolised, 6 mol of CO2 and 6 mol of H2O are formed.

A

TRUE

34
Q

Carbon dioxide is not polar.

A

TRUE

35
Q

Weight for weight - fats store more energy than carbohydrates

A

TRUE

36
Q

Cysteine and methionine are the only genetically coded amino-acids to contain sulphur.

A

TRUE

37
Q

Most of the charge on a protein in solution is likely to come from ionised R groups

A

TRUE

38
Q

Acetyl CoA is a precursor of cholesterol

A

TRUE

39
Q

The transitional epithelium of the urinary tract is waterproof and expansible to accommodate the function of the structures it lines

A

TRUE

40
Q

Action Potential rely on the activity of voltage gated sodium channels

A

TRUE

41
Q

Hyperammonaemia is a complication of cirrhosis of the liver.

A

TRUE

42
Q

Why can there NOT be a difference between ICF and ECF osmolarity?

A

Because water will always move down any osmotic gradient

43
Q

What about cells placed in a solution containing 100mM urea and 150mM NaCl? Will they:

A

Not change volume

44
Q

A solution containing 100mM urea, 200mM NaCl is:

A

Hypertonic

45
Q

Cells placed in the solution containing 100mM urea, 200mM NaCl will:

A

Shrink

46
Q

If you drink 1litre of water, where will the water go?

A

33% in the ECF, 67% in the ICF

47
Q

If you were to transfuse 1litre of isotonic saline, where would it go?

A

All in the ECF

Yr1-S1- Science for Medicine (19 decks)

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