proteins

Question 1

proteins are ——

Answer 1

polymers

Question 2

what monomers make up proteins

Answer 2

amino acids

Question 3

what is formed when two amino acids join together

Answer 3

dipeptide

Question 4

what is formed when more then 2 amino acids join together

Answer 4

polypeptide

Question 5

how many polypeptides make up a protein

Answer 5

one or more

Question 6

name the 3 parts that make up an amino acid

Answer 6

amino group

variable ( r ) group

carboxyl group

Question 7

what is the amine group made up of

Answer 7

NH2

Question 8

what elements do all amino acids contain

Answer 8

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and Nitrogen and some sulfur

Question 9

what bonds link amino acids together

Answer 9

peptide bonds

Question 10

what is a condensation reaction

Answer 10

reaction that releases a molecule of water and the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen are lost

Question 11

what reaction breaks peptide bonds

Answer 11

hydrolysis

Question 12

what is the primary structure of a protein

Answer 12

the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 13

what would a change in just one amino acid do

Answer 13

change the structure of the whole protein

Question 14

what is the secondary structure of a protein

Answer 14

when polypeptide chains form alpha helix and beta pleated sheets

Question 15

what is formed in the secondary structure of a protein

Answer 15

hydrogen bonds

Question 16

what is the tertiary structure of a protein

Answer 16

the 3D structure due to further coiling of amino acids

Question 17

what bonds can be found in the tertiary structure

Answer 17

ionic bonds

disulphide bonds

hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions

hydrogen bonds

Question 18

what is the quaternary structure of a protein

Answer 18

several polypeptide chains held together by bonds its the proteins final 3D structure

Question 19

what do disulfide bonds form between

Answer 19

sulfur atoms

Question 20

what is a globular protein like

Answer 20

round and compact

Question 21

where are the r groups on a globular protein

Answer 21

on the outside

Question 22

globular proteins are s—- why

Answer 22

soluble - so they are easily transported in liquids

Question 23

what is the function of haemoglobin

Answer 23

transports oxygen around the body in RBCs

Question 24

what is a conjugated protein

Answer 24

a protein with a non-protein group attached called a prosthetic group

Question 25

what prosthetic group does haemoglobin have

Answer 25

haem group containing iron

Question 26

what kind of protein is haemoglobin

Answer 26

globular

Question 27

what is the function of insulin

Answer 27

hormone secreted by the pancreas

Question 28

what kind of protein is insulin

Answer 28

globular

Question 29

why is insulins solubility important

Answer 29

it means it can be easily transported by the blood

Question 30

describe the structure of insulin

Answer 30

two polypeptide chains held together by disulfide bonds

Question 31

what is the function of amylase

Answer 31

enzyme responsible for the breakdown of starch

Question 32

what is amylase made of

Answer 32

single chain of amino acids

Question 33

what is a fibrous proteins like

Answer 33

tough and rope shaped

Question 34

what are the main properties of fibrous proteins

Answer 34

insoluble and strong

Question 35

what kind of protein is collagen

Answer 35

fibrous

Question 36

where can collagen be found

Answer 36

in connective tissues- bone and muscle

Question 37

whats the main property of collagen

Answer 37

its strong

Question 38

what kind of protein is keratin

Answer 38

fibrous

Question 39

where can keratin be found

Answer 39

skin, hair, nails etc

Question 40

what 2 things can keratin be like

Answer 40

flexible or hard and tough

Question 41

what kind of protein is elastin

Answer 41

fibrous

Question 42

where can elastin be found

Answer 42

elastic connective tissue- skin, large blood vessels and ligaments

Question 43

why is elastin good

Answer 43

allows tissues to return to their original shape after being stretched

Question 44

Open does not form going to protein folds into its quaternary structure

Answer 44

Peptide bonds

Question 45

Explain the term conjugate of protein

Answer 45

Protein that contains nonprotein. Prosthetic group the prosthetic group is attached by covalent bonds

Question 46

Name the three main properties fibrous proteins have that globular proteins do not

Answer 46

Strong Insoluble. Unreactive.

Question 47

Describe the tertiary structure of a fibrous protein

Answer 47

It has little to none

Question 48

Name the chemical bond that links two cysteine amino acids

Answer 48

Disulphide bond

Question 49

It’s something only consist of a single polypeptide chain what structure will it not have?

Answer 49

Quaternary structure

Question 50

How are hydrogen ions useful in water?

Answer 50

They regulate the PH

Question 51

How is sodium irons useful in water?

Answer 51

They regulate the water potential

Question 52

Describe how the induced fit model of an enzyme works and have an enzyme acts as a catalyst

Answer 52

ESC forms Active site changes shape so is complementary to substrate Reduces activation energy

Question 53

Explain how active site of an enzyme causes high rate of reaction

Answer 53

Lois activation energy Induced fit causes active site to change, shape . Enzyme substrate complex