Protein and Fat Nutrition and ENergy

Question 1

Protein sources

Answer 1

Legumes/ fish/ eggs

nuts seeds meat

Question 2

Proteins function within the body

Answer 2

Function as hormones, enzymes and antibodies within the immune system.
They make up bodily structures: CT, skin hair muscles.

Question 3

=n

Answer 3

n

Question 4

What are the 2 type of proteins

Answer 4

Complete protein and Incomplete protein

Question 5

Examples of complete protein

Answer 5

animal products. Vegetarian tofu, quinoa and buckwheat

Question 6

n

Answer 6

n

Question 7

The mouths link with protein digestion

Answer 7

Mechanical digestion

Chemical digestion- amylase

Question 8

The stomachs involvement with digestion

Answer 8

stomach secretes an enzyme called pepsinogen

- pepsin hydrolyses (breaks apart) peptide bond

Question 9

Small intestines roll with protein digestion

Answer 9

protein digestion mostly occurs in the small intestine. Pancrease secretes inactive enzymes via the pancreatic duct

Question 10

Entericytes (small intestine cells) roll in protein digestion

Answer 10

Enterocyte activates pancreatic enzymes.

Question 11

What is the small intestines main roll with protein digestion

Answer 11

Break down longer polypeptides into smaller or single amino acids so that they can be absorbed across the intestinal cell

Question 12

Where do amino acids go after being absorbed by the small intestine

Answer 12

Transported through the bloodstream to the liver where they are used to make new body proteins or used in other functions

Question 13

Fats and lipid sources

Answer 13

avos/ dairy/eggs/fatty fish/nuts/chia seeds

Question 14

state the two types of fats

Answer 14

unsaturate and saturated

Question 15

what is the function of saturated fats

Answer 15

provide the body with a healthy amount of cholesterol to make hormones and bile

Question 16

What is the function of unsaturated fats

Answer 16

regulates metabolism, forms cell membrane, improves blood flow, promotes cell growth

Question 17

Lipase digestion in the mouth

Answer 17

Chemical digestion:

lingual lipase starts lipid digestion in the mought generating free fatty acids and glyerol

Question 18

lipid digestion in the stomach

Answer 18

cells in the gastric mucosa release gastic lipase, stomach churns breaks the lipid droplets creating emulsion of small lipid particles that are emptied into the duodenum

Question 19

Lipid digestion in the small intestine

Answer 19

Gastric lipase causes Lipase to clump as a chyme due to fat being hydrophobic

Bile is secrete to act as a emulsifier and draw fat molecules into surrounding watery fluids

Question 20

where is bile secreted from and where is it stored

Answer 20

stored: bile
Secreted: liver

Question 21

what does the pancreas secrete

Answer 21

pancreatic lipase

Question 22

What do fatty acids break down into

Answer 22

Fatty acids/ Monoglycerides/Glycerol

Question 23

Lipid absorption

Answer 23

• short fatty acids diffuse across enterocyte and are absorbed into bloodstream
• larger moles combine with bile are packaged into transporters called micelle

Question 24

Large molecule lipids from in the enterocyte

Answer 24

Tryglycerols, cholesterol and phospholipids molescules form into chylomicron

Question 25

How is chylomicron absorbed

Answer 25

they are released into lymph system until they reach the thoracic duct

Question 26

Describe Chylomicrons absorption

Answer 26

Chylomicron glides through the lymph enters the thoracic duct.
Nutrients from the GI tract enters the lymph bypass the liver
The blood carries these lipid to the rest of the body for immediate use or storage

Question 27

Describe high- density lipoproteins (HDL) transportation

Answer 27

HDL is a cholesterol released the the liver.
HDL removes cholesterol from cells and carries it back to the liver for recycling or disposal
Cholesterol recycled as bile or disposal