force mechanics and Biomechanics

Question 1

state and describe speed equation

Answer 1

distance/time
measured miles per sec
scale quanitity

Question 2

state and describe vector

Answer 2

• vector quantity in a certain direction

eg. 5 mph west

Question 3

similarities and difference between speed and velocity

Answer 3

Velocity includes distance whereas speed does not

similarities: they use the same equation

Question 4

Define mass

Answer 4

amount of matter within an object

- scalar measurement

Question 5

define weight

Answer 5

Force and a vector quantity
combined effect of mass and the effect of gravity

Vector measurement

Question 6

Acceleration

Answer 6

change in velocity over time

Question 7

Newtons first Law

Answer 7

every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion

Question 8

Newtons second law

Answer 8

the relationship between mass of an abject, its acceleration and the net force applied to it.

direction of force is the same direction as acceleration

Question 9

Newtons 3rd law

Answer 9

each action has an opposite reaction

Question 10

What is fricton

Answer 10

when two objects move across each other friction is the force that resists the movement

Question 11

Friction in a synovial joint

Answer 11

friction is reduced between the 2 ones via articular cartilage covering the bones ends and a synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid= decreased friction

Question 12

Centre of gravity

Answer 12

the point which the body weight acts upon

Question 13

Base of support

Answer 13

area beneath a person or object that has contact= support surface

Question 14

First Lever describe and example

Answer 14

Fulcrum in the middle
effort on the end of one side
resistance on the end of the other

Example: Skull and spine relationship
head is the resistance
fulcrum spine where head sits on
effort muscle which causes head to look up

Question 15

Second level describe and example

Answer 15

Resistance in the middle
fulcrum on the edge of one side
effort on the edge of other side

example: Ankle
resistance: weight acting upon the ankle
fulcrum is the toes
effort is the gastrocnemius= tippy toes

Question 16

Third lever and example

Answer 16

effort in the middle
fulcrum at one edge
effort at the other edge

example: bicep curl
effort: bicep muscle
resistance if the weight of the arm
fulcrum is the elbow hinge

Question 17

Describe fixed pulley

Answer 17

moves in one direction (UP)

force required to pick up the load is proportional to the resistance of the load

Question 18

Describe movable pulleys

Answer 18

move in multiple directions

force required is less than the load of the object

Question 19

Describe levers and back injury relationship

Answer 19

lifting of an object if a example of third lever.

fulcrum is the hips
resistance of the load that is lifting
effort is the back muscles (lumbar)

Increased distance from the fulcrum= increased force required from the back muscles to lift the object

Decreased distance from the fulcrum= less force required for the back muscles to pick up the object.