nutrition and energy-fat

Question 1

What is the function of saturated fat

Answer 1

small doses: hormones and bile

Question 2

What is the function of unsaturated

Answer 2

cell growth/ metabolism/ bloodflow and clotting

Question 3

Sources of fat

Answer 3

eggs/fatty fish/AVOS

Question 4

Lingual lipase roll

Answer 4

Fat digestion in babies

Question 5

Describe the chemical digestion that occurs within the mouth

Answer 5

Lipase and Lingual lipase digest fats and break them down into Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 6

Describe the stomachs roll in digestion

Answer 6

Lipase and food bolus reaches the stomach
Gastric lipase in released
- churning action of stomach: breaks the lipid droplets = emulision of small lipid particles

Question 7

Small intestines roll in lipase step 1

Answer 7

Triglycerol is the main fat within food. This structure is hydrophobis- fat does not dissolve and lipids clump in the small intestine

Gall bladder releases bile= acts as a emulsifyer

Question 8

Where is bile made

Answer 8

within the liver

Question 9

where is bile stored

Answer 9

in the gall bladder until it id needed

Question 10

Step 2 in the small intestin: Lipid absorption

Answer 10

The pancrease releases pancreatic lipase
the intestinial cells secrete inestinal lipase
- enzymes remove otter fatty acid= monoglyceride

Question 11

Describe the enterocytes absorption of glycerol and small- medium chains of lipids

Answer 11

Glycerols and small and medium chains diffuse across the enterocyte into the blood scream

Question 12

Describe the enterocytes diffussion of large fatty chains and monoglyceride

Answer 12

Monoglyceride and larger fatty chains join to form michelles
michelles enter the enterocyte and are joined by cholesterol and phospholipids= chylomicron

Chylomicron’s are to large for the blood vessel therefore the enterocyte releases it to the lymph

Question 13

How to Chylomicrons get into the blood?

Answer 13

Glide through the lymphatic system and enter blood stream at the thoracic duct
Nutrients that enter the GI tract eneter the lymph and bypass the liver.
- blood carries these lipids to the rest of the body for immediate use or storage

Question 14

Describe the journey of a chylomicron

Answer 14

Chylomicron travels through the blood system
Lipoprotein lipase removes TG from the chylomicron- making it smaller.
Muscle takes up fatty acid- to be used as energy
adipose take up fatty acid to be stored as triglyerides
- left over is chylomicron resistant

Question 15

What occurs to Chylomicron resistant

Answer 15

Chylomicron travels to the liver.
- liver adds fatty acid to chylomicron resistant
lipoprotein lipase continues to break down triglycerides
Muscles uptake fatty acid to be used as energy
Adipose store fatty acid- triglyceride

LDL continues to travel the body

-

Question 16

Describe the Livers involvement with LDLS

Answer 16

The Liver has LDL receptors which remove LDLS from the blood as controls blood cholesterol

the liver also makes HDL which remove’s cholesterol within the cells and carries it back to the liver

Question 17

What does the liver do

Answer 17

Makes fatty acid after a meal and monitors LDL to try control the cholesterol level.
HDL can be released from the liver to control cholesterol levels within the blood