Protein Flashcards
HBV and LBV
High biological value and low biological value
(Protein)
Examples of HBV proteins
Quinoa
Meat
Eggs
Soya
Cheese
Examples of LBV proteins
Lentils, wheat products, rice
Protein complementation
When LBV protein foods are complemented together to meet protein requirements
Protein alternatives
Textured vegetable protein (TVP)
Soya
Tofu
Quorn
Micro protein
What can be made from soya
Tofu
Soy milk
Soy sauce
Misso
What percent of soya is fat
30%
How is tofu made
By compressing curdled soy milk curd
How is TVP made
Made from dried soya
How is quorn made
Made from fungus - produces mycoprotein
Protein DRV
For adults 0.75g per kg
More for children for growth
+6g for pregnant mothers
+8-11g for breastfeeding women
Functions of protein
Grows body cells
Repair
Amino acids
Energy
Enzymes
Hormones
Antibodies
How many amino acids are there
20
Where can non-essential amino acids be found
In the body
How many essential amino acids do adults need
8
How many essential amino acids do children need
10
Deficiency of protein
Stunted growth
Hair loss
Wounds not healing
Immune system damage
Digestive problems
Oedema
Caused by a lack of protein
Build up of fluid caused by an imbalance of salt and water
Kwashiorkor
Caused by lack of protein
Causes stomach to swell
Excess of protein
Stresses liver and kidneys due to build up of nitrogen
What causes denaturing
Heat (boiling an egg)
Mechanical (whisking an egg)
Acids (lemon to cream)
Air bubbles (whisked)
What is denaturing
The change in the structure of protein, long chains of amino acids unfold from their coiled state
What happens in coagulation
Water is trapped in the protein
Thickens/sets
Combines ingredients
Adds flavour/structure
Examples of protein complementation
Rice and beans
Hummus and pittas
Vegetarian lasagne
How is tempeh made
From fermenting soya beans
