Minerals

Question 1

Calcium details

Answer 1

Use - bone/teeth health, blood clot, muscle contractions, D enables absorption
Found in - dairy, green leafy veg
Deficiency - bending bones, rickets (see D) blood not clotting
Excess - deposits in organs
DRV - 700mg in adults, 1,000/800 mg in teens, 450mg in kids

Question 2

Iron details

Answer 2

Use - makes haemoglobin, needed for C absorption, red blood cells
Found in - red meats, kidney, liver, whole meal bread, egg yolk
Deficiency - iron deficiency anaemia, lack of energy, pale skin
Excess - poisonous
DRV - 8.7/14.8 mg for adults, 11.3/14.8mg for teens, 6.1mg for kids

Question 3

Sodium details

Answer 3

Use - controls water in body, controls muscles and nerves, helps body use energy
Found in - salt, snack foods, cheese
Deficiency - muscle cramps when salt is lost through sweat
Excess - high blood pressure, strain on heart and kidneys
DRV - max 6g for 11+

Question 4

Phosphorus details

Answer 4

Use - mineralises bones and teeth, helps release energy, chemical reactions, makes phospholipids in brain
Found in - large range of foods, red meat, dairy, fish, chicken, bread
Deficiency - rare in UK
Excess - reduces calcium which fractures bones
DRV - 550mg for adults, 775/625mg for teens, 350mg for kids

Question 5

Fluoride details

Answer 5

Use - prevents tooth decay, bone health
Found in - fish (bones), tea, sea food
Deficiency - tooth decay
Excess - strain/pits on teeth
DRV - 4mg for men, 3mg for women, 2mg for teens