Microorganisms Flashcards
Types of microorganisms
Yeast
Mould
Bacteria
What temperature does bacteria grow between
5 - 63C
What do bacteria need to grow
Moisture, temps, food
Signs of food spoilage
Sour smell
Sour taste
Mould
Slimy
Too wet/dry
What are yeast
Fungi that reproduce by budding
Ferments the sugar in foods
What is mould
Fungi that reproduce by spores - contaminate by spores
What is bacteria
Reproduce by dividing every 20 minutes, start to die at 70C but their spores can survive
What are enzymes
Natural substances, biological catalysts
What is enzymic browning
When Enzymes in cytoplasm/oxygen mix with the vacuole substances
How to avoid enzymic browning
Add acid
Cool food
Cold water
Blanching
FATTOM
Food
Acidity (low)
Temperature
Time
Oxygen
Moisture
What is the temperature of a fridge
0-5 C
What temperature is a freezer
-18 C
How long does it take for salmonella symptoms to show
12-35 hours
How long does it take for listeria symptoms to show
1-70 days
How long does it take for staphylococcus aureus symptoms to show
1-6 hours
How long does it take for campylobacter symptoms to show
48-60 hours
How long does it take for e-coli symptoms to show
12-24 hours
Where can you get salmonella from
Raw/undercooked meat
Eggs
Where can you get listeria from
Cheese
Unpasteurised milk
Salad
Where can you get staphylococcus aureus from
People
Infections
Raw milk/dairy
Where can you get campylobacter from
Raw meat
Dirty water
Where can you get e-coli from
Beef
Raw milk
Dirty water
What are the symptoms of salmonella
Diarrhoea
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Fever
What are the symptoms of listeria
Flu-like
Miscarriage
What are the symptoms of staphylococcus Aureus
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Low temperature
What are the symptoms of campylobacter
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Fever
What are the symptoms of e-coli
Diarrhoea
Vomiting
Fever
Kidney damage
Abdominal pain
What is bacteria used for in food production
Stilton/blue cheese
Soy sauce
Dairy products
