Protein Flashcards
Protein Definiton
large molecules composed of one or more chains of amino acids
Protein Structure (3)
- basic building block is amino acids
- 20 different types so many different types of amino acids
- a side chain distinguish the difference between them
3 Categories of Amino Acids
indispensable
dispensable
conditionally indispensable
Indispensable Amino Acids
these are essential, and you must get these from your diet
n=9
dispensable Amino Acids
non essential amino acids
n=5
Conditionally Indispensable Amino Acids
n=6
Protein Digestion
to get to the amino acid we have to breakdown the protein to absorb it
Protein 4 Stages of Structre
Primary - protein is determined by amino acids
Secondary - weak electrical attraction between poly peptide provides strength and rigidity
Tertiary - polypeptide twists and folds
Quaternary - interaction between multiple polypeptides
Protein Quality vs Quantity
how good vs how much
Protein Quality
the body requires a regular supply of essential amino acids
digestibility (PDCAAS Score) or (PER Score)
Protein Quantity
minimum or more
proportional to body weight
USA AMDR is more wider then ours
Protein Distribution
for maximum protein synthesis you should consume even amounts of protein at every meal
however is protein intake is high it doesn’t need to balanced during the day
Limiting Amino Acid
when an essential amino acid is not provided in adequate amounts in the diet this causing protein synthesis to be limited to the rate at which that low amino acid is available
barrel theory
What foods have the best Protein Quality
meat
dairy
fish
but these aren’t the best for the diet tho
Protein Around the World
as income goes up so does the amount of protein that one eats. this is because protein is often an expensive so these countries have more money to spend on it
Protein Digestion
acidic nature of stomach denatures the proteins
we want protein in the blood as tripeptides as these can then enter the blood stream
peptides are broken down into amino acids which are then transported to the liver via hepatic vein portal
Amino Acid Pool 4 Fates
- used to make proteins
- transmation (converting one amino acid into another, but not the essential one)
- used to make other compounds
- used for energy
Protein Excretion
in urine
RCT
Randomly Controlled Trial
- reduce confounding variables
- characteristics of the people that are randomly put into groups should be similar
Vegetarian and Lacto
vegetarian - a person who does not eat meat or fish but eats eggs and dairy
lacto - same but also don’t eat eggs
Vegan
a person who does not eat any animal products or foods. some may avoid honey or leather aswelll
% of Vegetarians in NZ and Earth
5% for both
% of Vegans in NZ and Earth
1% and 3%
Health Benefits of being Vegetarian
decreases heat disease, diabetes risk, cancer
